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1878. NEW ZEALAND.

LUNATIC ASYLUMS OF NEW ZEALAND (ANNUAL REPORT ON.)

Presented to loth Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency. The Inspector of Li tnatic Asylums to the Hon. the Colonial Seceetabt. Sik, — Inspector of Lunatic Asylums' Office, Wellington, 26th July, 1878. I have the honor to lay before you the following report on the condition and management of lunatics and Lunatic Asylums in New Zealand. The number of lunatics in asylums on the 31st December, 1877, was 872, of whom 581 were males and 291 were females. Their distribution is shown in the following tabular statement: —

These figures show a total increase of 81 over the numbers at the end of the preceding year. The annual increase for the last five years has been as follows : — Year. Increase. 1873 ... ... ... ... ... 55 1874 ... ... ... ... ... 77 1875 ... ... ... ... ... 56 1876 ... ... ... ... ... 61 1877 ... ... ... ... ... 81 Total 330 Tables giving the usual statistical information published in Asylum reports will be found in the Appendix. Admissions. —The total number of patients received into Asylums during the year, inclusive of 45 re-admissions, was 362, and of these 250 were males and 112 were females. This is a much larger proportion to the average number resident than that which usually exists in other countries. The ratio which the number of admissions bears to the population is generally regarded as a more reliable measure of the prevalence of insanity in a country than that of the number of lunatics in Asylums at any given time to the population. The admissions into Asylums in this colony last year were in the proportion of 1 to 1,144 of the general population, as estimated by the Begistrar-General in March. This is a considerably larger proportion than that which obtained in 1876 in Victoria and New South Wales, which is stated in the reports of the Inspectors of Asylums in those colonies to have been respectively 1 in 1,431 and 1 in 1,749; and it is also larger than that which is found at Home. 1.—H. 10.

Patients. ASYHTIIS. Increase over 1876. Male. Female. Total. iuckland Sew Plymouth... Yapior Wellington kelson ffokitika Uhristchurch Dunedin 128 1 11 61 32 49 126 173 55 1 7 88 is is 78 7<; 183 2 18 99 50 67 204 249 20 2 3 21 4 10 11 14 Total 581 291 872 81 Increase orer previous Year ... 58 88 8]

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It was shown in last year's* report that not only was there a much larger number of insane men than insane women in the colony, but that there was relatively more insanity among men than among women, the proportion of insane men to the male population being 1 in 434, and that of insane women to the female population being only lin 65G. The admissions during last year point to the same conclusion, those of males being in the ratio of 1 in every 923 of the male population, while those of women are in the ratio of only lin 1,G36 of the estimated female population. Another fact of interest regarding the admissions is the great difference, as shown by Table VIII., in the relative numbers of married and single in the two sexes; and it seems probable that, if this is not simply explained by a corresponding difference in the general population, it may have an obvious bearing on the point just referred to. Of the men admitted 70 per cent, were single and 25 per cent, married, whereas of the women only 35 per cent, were single and CO per cent, married. Discharges.- —The total number of patients discharged recovered was 180, and of these 123 were males and 57 were females. The proportion of recoveries to admissions was 4972 per cent., which is nearly 8 per cent, lower than it was in the preceding year, though higher than is usually found in long settled countries. Thus the percentage of recoveries on admissions in county and borough Asylums in England in 1876 was 3675, in Royal and District Asylums in Scotland 4141, in the Asylums of New South Wales 4438, and in those of Victoria 4787. The comparatively high rate of recovery in the Asylums of New Zealand is simply due, in so far as it is real, to the favourable nature of the eases admitted, and certainly not to any special excellence in these overcrowded institutions. The rate varies considerably in the different Asylums, in some of which official inspection seems rather to have the effect of diminishing than increasing it. In the Auckland Asylum in 1876 it was given as 6i)"G4, whicli appeared incredibly high when the condition of that establishment was taken into consideration. Last year it fell to 21*42, which, though low, is more like what can be looked for in that Asylum, which, besides the many defects which characterize it, appears, on the one hand, to receive cases of a more hopeless kind than are sent to the rest of the Asylums, and, on the other hand, receives no cases of delirium tremens nor of transient mental derangement committed l: on remand for medical examination " under the slh and 10th sections of the Lunatics Act, and no habitual drunkards under the 21st section. The rate at the Napier Asylum was 5789, and at the Hokitika Asylum 5865 ; but these high rates, especially the former, are to a large extent accounted for by the number of patients received "on remand," and whr>, though reckoned among the recovered when alter a few day's treatment they are discharged, are, properly speaking, not lunatics at all. In the Wellington Asylum, where such cases as those above referred to are not sent, the ratio was 3389, which is lower than that in English Asylums, and 20 per cent, lower than it appeared to be the previous year. In Nelson Asylum it was 40 per cent. It was very high in the Asylums of Dunedin and Christchurch, being 62 36 per cent, in the former and 6591 in the latter. The high rates of these Asylums, not being affected by " remand " cases, and only to a limited extent by cases of delirium tremens and dipsomania, seem to show that the admissions are, as a rule, of a much more curable class than usual. Deaths. —The total number of deaths was 63, and nearly two-thirds of them were due to diseases of the nervous system. The number of deaths from pulmonary disease, which usually contributes so largely to the mortality of the insane, appears remarkably small in the asylums of New Zealand, especially when their excessively crowded state is taken into consideration. Only 9 per cent, of the deaths last year, and 8 per cent, the previous year, were due to this cause, whereas in the Victorian Asylums last year 18 per cent, of the deaths appear to have resulted from it; and during the last nineteen years 28 per cent, of all the deaths in public asylums in Scotland were due to it. Among the deaths were two from typhoid fever, which had been mistaken for insanity, and one from delirium tremens. There was a suicide by hanging in the Auckland Asylum; and there were three accidental deaths —one at Auckland Asylum, where a female patient was consumed in the fire which occurred there; one at "Wellington, where a patient labouring under organic disease of the heart choked at dinner; and one at Nelson, where an epileptic patient was found dead in her bed, having apparently turned on her face during a fit, and so suffocated herself. The death rate was 770 per cent., calculated on the average number resident, and 546, on the total numbers under care. Both of theso rates are slightly higher than they were the previous year, and higher also than the corresponding rates in the Asylums of Victoria and New South "Wales, and in Scotch Asylums in 1876; though lower than those in English Asylums in the same year. The death-rate varied considerably in the different Asylums, and was lowest in the Christchurch Asylum ; and, next to that, in the Dunedin Asylum ; and highest in those of Wellington and Auckland. AsYitrus. Christchurch Asylum.—The number of patients in this Asylum on the Ist January was 193. During the year 74 were admitted, 51 were discharged recovered, 2 relieved, and 10 died; leaving, at 31et December, 126 males and 78 females; total, 204. The Asylum was inspected during several days in the month of November, and again on the 11th December. The new building, which forms the female department, was found for the most part in excellent order, the two best wards in particular presenting a remarkably cheerful and comfortable appearance. In the two other wards, however, whicli are constructed on the double-corridor system, and the sleeping rooms on the south side of which are said to be so cold iv winter that, after they have been scrubbed, it is necessary to heat them by means of brasiera placed in them, otherwise they would still be wet when the patients retired to bed the floors of the bathrooms and sculleries were observed to be in a damp, decaying state ; and the scullery in the upper ward had a close, offensive smell, owing to defective drainage and ventilation. Great tranquility prevailed among the patients, who appear to be kindly and judiciously treated. The male department continues to be in an extremely unsatisfactory condition. Every ward ia densely overcrowded, and much of the accommodation is of a truly wretched description. The pubic space per bed in some of the dormitories is about half what is usually considered a minimum allowance, and the air in these becomes so vitiated during the night that the stink is complained of by the attendants as quite overpowering. All the day rooms have to serve the purpose of dormitories.

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It would be difficult to find a greater contrast than that which is presented by the spacious wellaired female department, and its quiet contented inmates, and this crowded, ill-constructed building. In the airing-yard of the refractory ward the noise and excitement, and the numerous vehement manifestations of irritability and discontent, were quite astonishing, and could only be accounted for by a degree of close confinement and overcrowding which, without exaggeration, seemed enough to drive a sane man mad. It is vain to look for anv amelioration in this state of matters until the male wing of the new building is ready. Much inconvenience and annoyance are experienced at this Asylum from the want of a proper system of drainage. Earthclosets are used, or were intended to be used, in botli buildings; but they are found, as has generally been the case in Asylums, extremely unsatisfactory ; it is nearly one man's work to look after them, and in the female department, where the pans have to be carried through the wards, they are found to be a disgusting arrangement. The sewage from the washing-house, sculleries, &c, is conducted be} Tond the Asylum grounds by an open drain, which has hardly any fall, and the smell from this filthy, stagnant ditch is almost always very strong and offensive. It is essential, for the sake of health, comfort, and cleanliness, that ordinary waterclosets should be substituted for earth ones, and that a thorough and satisfactory system of drainage should be established. Another serious defect from which this Asylum suffers is the want of gas. Besides many other disadvantages, this leads to many of the patients being sent much too early to their beds, which has an injurious effect upon them. The use of kerosene in Asylums is attended with much anxiety and no small risk of accidents. The laundry and washing-house are now beginning to be found too small for the increasing population of this Asylum, and it will soon be necessary to provide an additional laundress, one being hardly able to overtake all the work. A most unfortunate occurrence took place in the month of June. A male patient, M P , who had for many years ceased to exhibit any dangerous propensity, and who was thought both harmless and good-natured, and accordingly allowed a great deal of liberty, asked one of the male attendants for his keys, which he believed belonged properly to himself, and on being refused plunged a carving knife into the attendant's abdomen, causing his death within a few minutes. The recreation and amusements of the patients receive much attention; but their occupation in useful and interesting work of different kinds, more especially in the cultivation of the farm and garden, is not encouraged to so great an extent as is desirable. Divine Service is performed regularly every Sunday, and about 70 of the men and 30 of the women attend. A vast reduction has been made in the quantity of " medical comforts " and stimulants consumed; and this has not been attended with any grumbling to speak of, nor any bad effect on the patients, but rather the reverse. Apart from the saving thus affected, a very considerable decrease in the expenditure on maintenance has resulted from the appointment of a clerk and storekeeper. It appeared from the storebooks at the time of the visit that during the five months which had elapsed since this officer had entered on his duties the average monthly expense for provisions was £57 less than that of the five months preceding his appointment. The "north house" is a small detached building intended for the use of habitual drunkards committed under the 21st section of the Lunatics Act, and having accommodation for 14 males. But it is found impossible to reserve it for the exclusive use of inebriates owing to the excessive number of lunatics, and accordingly when inspected it contained only one such case, together with two private patients and ten others who were crowded out of the main building. Female inebriates, when committed to this Asylum, are received into the ordinary wards, there being no other place for them. Such treatment as it is possible to give habitual drunkards, whether male or female, here is hardly ever followed by the slightest benefit, and their residence among ordinary lunatics is almost invariably exceedingly irksome and disagreeable to themselves as well as injurious to the discipline of the Asylum. Dunedin Asylum. —There were 235 patients in this Asylum on the 1st January. During the year 93 were admitted, 58 discharged recovered, 3 relieved, 1 not improved, and 17 died; leaving, at the end of the year, 173 males and 76 females; total, 249. The Asylum was inspected on the 24th and 26th November, and everywhere found in excellent order, and scrupulously clean. Only two patients were on this occasion in seclusion, one of whom, a dangerous and treacherous man, had been continuously so for several months, and had also his arms restrained by a sheet fastened round his chest. Two other patients had their arms restrained in a similar manner, but were not secluded. As a rule the patients were very quiet and contented. Their comfort appears to be studied with the greatest care and, considering the circumstances, with remarkable success. It is unnecessary to repeat at length here what has already been said about the defects of this temporary Asylum, and the extent to which its energetic management is crippled by these, more especially by the want of land on which to employ the male patients. Large numbers are confined in a state of pernicious idleness in the airing-courts from one week's end to another, not because they cannot be trusted out of these dreary dens, nor because they will not work, but simply because there is no other place to put them, either to work or to walk. A large majority of the men who do work out of doors (42) have to be employed altogether beyond the Asylum bounds in levelling and in making a public road. In the Asylum bakery, which affords occupation to four patients, all the bread consumed at the Asylum, Hospital, and Gaol is baked. The garden is cultivated with great industry, and, small as it is in proportion to the Asylum population, large quantities of vegetables have frequently to be sold. The Asylum piggery, which is a marvel of cleanliness, yields about three tons of bacon and ham in the year, and is thus not only a source of economy, but a means of varying and amplifying the diet, ■which is much appreciated by the patients.

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Recreation and amusements receive a fair amount of attention. Divine service is conducted every Sunday in the Asylum chapel. Sohitika Asylum. —The number of patients in this Asylum at the commencement of the year was 57. In the course of the year as many as 41 were admitted, several of whom were only remanded for medical examination, and liberated again in a few days, without being fully committed as lunatics ; 22 were discharged recovered, including these "remand" cases, 4 were discharged relieved, and 5 died; leaving 67, of whom 49 were males and 18 females. There was thus an increase of 10 in the number of inmates ; and, as there was no corresponding increase in the accommodation, the overcrowding, which was severely felt at the beginning, was greatly aggravated at the close, of the year. Plans had been prepared for a detached cottage, to hold 12 patients, which the Superintendent undertook to build, by the labour of the patients, of wood felled and sawn by them on the Asylum ground; but it was found impossible to get a good site for it on the reserve, which, though it extends far back into the forest, has an extremely narrow frontage, occupied entirely by the existing building. The purchase of a section of five acres immediately adjoining the Asylum has now been nearly completed; and this will afford an excellent site for a supplementary building, which it is now evident will require to be considerably larger than was at first proposed. The Asylum was inspected on the 16th December, which was a Sunday, so that the patients were not seen at work. All of them, except three, who were confined to bed by illness, were found walking about in the pleasant and well-kept gardens of the Asylum, and dressed with as much care and neatness as though they were a party of sane people going to church. There is something quite exceptional and exceedingly pleasing in the peaceful quietness and cheerful activity which characterize this little community, and make one doubt for a moment if they can really bo insane. Much of this may be due to the fact that the community is a small one, and that the patients have the appearance of being drawn from a better class, both as regards mental and physical qualities, than those of any other Asylum in the colony. But the chief cause undoubtedly lies in the manner in which they are kept continually occvipied in healthful and varied employments, in which they appear to take as much interest as though they were working for themselves. Recreation and amusement receive a proper amount of attention. The inmates are occasionally visited by clergymen, but there is no Divine service on Sundays. Wellington Asylum. —On the 1st January there were 78 patients. During the year, 59 were admitted, 20 were discharged recovered, 8 relieved, and 10 died; leaving, at the end of the year, 99, of whom 61 were males and 38 were females. The following is the greater part of the entry made in the Inspector's book regarding the state of the Asylum when visited on the 30th January and 1st February last: — Only one patient, an imbecile paralytic hoj, was found in bed. None were in seclusion ; but one patient, E, P , is apparently secluded during the greater part of most days in the week on account of her extreme quarrelsomeness, violence, filthy conversation, and obscene conduct. It is not satisfactory to observe such constant use of seclusion in the treatment of even such an undoubtedly troublesome and unmanageable patient as this ; but is only fair to state that it appears to be unavoidable in the present condition of the building if her fellow-patients are to have any peace and quietness. Only one patient is subjected to mechanical restraint of any kind. During the day she generally occupies a specially-made chair, furnished with a strap, by means of which she is fastened into her seat, when, as frequently happens, she is seized with a sudden fit of violent excitement. During the night, on account of her filthy habits, she wears a canvas dress, the sleeves of which are crossed in front of her, and fastened so that she cannot use her hands. By patient and close study of this patient, and firm treatment, it would be found that the use of restraint could gradually be abandoned. Both seclusion and restraint are much less used since the Asylum has been placed under the care of the present Superintendent, Mr. Whitelaw. Twelve males and 10 females are restricted to the airing-yards ; all the others take exercise in the general grounds. All the patients, except 17 men and 12 women, engage in industrial employment of some kind, and a great deal of useful and ornamental work has lately been accomplished in the grounds by the labour of the male patients. Six men and 4 women are of wet and dirty habits : these numbers are smaller than at last inspection. The patients were all remarkably quiet, and free from excitement during the visit, and none made any complaint. Several very gratifying and almost unlooked-for recoveries have taken place, and one of these is ascribed by the Medical Officer almost entirely to the kindly tact and perseverance of Mr. Cook, the head attendant. The condition of some of the chronic incurable cases was noticed to be much improved. There are three imbecile children in the Asylum, who present a pitiable sight in a community of adult lunatics. They have all improved somewhat in their condition since admission ; but none of them is, properly speaking, a fit subject for a lunatic asylum. The want of a suitable place for them, and the fact that their parents cannot apparently be trusted with their guardianship, led to their being sent to the Asylum. The clothing of the women is mostly good and tidy, though some of it is very old and shabby. Nice-looking tweed coats and vests are being gradually introduced on the male side, instead of the odious prison garb in which many of the men still continue to look degraded. The front wards were found very clean and in excellent order ; but much of their furniture is of a very poor description and uncomfortable. The day rooms require repapering. A great improvement has been affected by the introduction of gas, which enables the wards to be lighted in a more efficient and safe manner than formerly, when lamps were used. The back wards were also very clean, but presented the usual bare and dismal appearance. It is in these wretchedly-constructed wards that the overwhelming obstacles to good management, created by the present crowded slate of the building, are most felt. There are fully twice as many patients in the Asylum as there is accommodation for. The kitchen and scullery are very dirty. This is the unavoidable consequence of their extremely

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small size, their relative position to the other parts of the building, which causes them to be used as passages of almost constant traffic, and, above all, to the complicated badness of the cooking apparatus. The new range which has been authorized to. be obtained will not only greatly facilitate the cooking of suitable meals for the patients, but enable the cook to keep the kitchen clean, and take some pleasure in her work, which is out of the question at present. The closets and urinals are clean, and evidently well attended to ; but, owing to the badness of the drainage, whenever the wind blows from the south, the stink in the neighbourhood of these places and in the adjoining corridor is excessively disgusting. , Several neat wooden bedsteads have heen got, As required by the steadily-increasing number of patients. These are much better than the clumsy iron ones hitherto used, and give the bedrooms a more comfortable, furnished appearance. Hair mattresses have also been introduced into some of the dormitories, and are a great improvement over the straw ones in general use. Water is about to be obtained from the city supply, and this will be an improvement of the greatest importance. Hitherto the chief water supply has been from two wells, situated one in the male and the other in the female exercise yard. From these it has to be pumped at intervals by the male patients into tanks, and the frequent entrance of the male patients into the female exercise yards for this purpose is found an extremely annoying obstacle to discipline, as well as a cause of the otherwise unnecessary use of seclusion. There is at present no provision against fire. When an adequate supply of water is obtained, fireplugs will be provided and hose. Instead of the ostentatious and expensive entertainments formerly provided, a weekly dance is held, at which about GO patients attend. Visitors, friends of the patients and officers, are admitted to these by invitation of the Superintendent in restricted numbers; but difficulty is found in keeping the number within desirable limits, owing to the excessive freedom with which the public formerly took part in the amusements at the Asylum, These simple and suitable entertainments cost nothing. Dramatic performances are also occasionally got up through the kindness of an amateur company. The Superintendent should jealously watch the tendency which naturally exists for asylum entertainments in proportion as they are successful becoming attractive to the public, in which case the recreation of the inmates becomes a secondary consideration to that of the visitors. Divine service is conducted every Sunday from 3 to 4 o'clock by clergymen. About GO patients attend. The various books and registers are very carefully and neatly kept. It was observed that three of the patients admitted since last inspection had been received into the Asylum shortly after their arrival in the colony. The outside of the building is at present being repainted by a convalescent patient. Nelson Asylum. —The number of inmates on the 1st January was 46. During the year .15 were admitted, 0 were discharged recovered, 1 relieved, and 4 died; so that at the end of the year 58 were left, of whom 32 were males and 18 females. The Asylum has accommodation for 30 of each sex ; the male side was therefore full, and there was room for 12 more women. The following is the greater part of the entry made in the Inspector's book regarding the state of the Asylum when visited on 25th March last: — The wards and bedding are very clean and in excellent order; but the house is very scantily furnished, and presents a remarkably bare appearance. There is no furniture at all in the long wide corridors which are meant to serve as day-rooms, and there are merely tables and uncomfortable benches in the sitting-rooms. The wards have not yet been either painted, papered, or varnished, and, beyond a very few unframed coloured prints which have been stuck on to the day-room walls, they contain nothing of an ornamental character. It is very desirable that the walls should now be either varnished or painted in a tasteful manner. Requisition should be made for pictures and other ornaments, window-curtains, valances, small tables, ordinary and easy chairs, and stufl'ed benches with backs to them, &c, so as to make the wards comfortable and relieve their present dull and uninteresting appearance. The curious wire beds complained of in last report have now all been removed, and neat iron.ones have been got instead. Most of the old worn-out blankets formerly spoken of have been replaced by new ones. Sheets have not yet been supplied to the male side, owing chiefly to the hitherto small staff of servants not being able to undertake any additional washing. Hardly any of the bedroom windows are made to be opened, and they are all furnished with iron bars on the inside and have no shutters. This state of matters should be at once remedied. These windows are very dangerous for melancholic patients, and the perforated zinc panes which are placed in them admit of very imperfect ventilation. The water supply is very deficient. It is got from the town waterworks, but the pressure is so feeble that the water does not run at all till about 9 o'clock at night, when there is less being used in town. Great inconvenience arises from this, as all water required for baths, lavatories, and the washinghouse has to be carried in from tanks at the rear of the building. In the event of a fire breaking out the hydrants and hoso which have been carefully provided would be of little use, because, even after 9 o'clock, the pressure is too weak to throw water over the building. It is understood that extensions of the city reservoir are contemplated, which, if made, would secure an abundant flow at the Asylum. It would be desirable to ascertain if there be really any prospect of such alterations being made. If not, steps should be taken without delay to get sufficient water from some other source. There is a stream at some little distance on the other side of the road, at the back of the Asylum, which might be available for this purpose. From a rough estimate which Mr. Heffer, the Superintendent of the Asylum obtained, it appears that for about £300 this stream could be dammed and water laid on to the Asylum. No airing-ground has yet been made for the women. It would be a very simple matter to enclose for this purpose the piece of ground lying between the boundary fence and the female side of the house. It is recommended that a requ sition should be sent in for the necessary material. The male airing-ground would be much improved by being laid out as an ornamental garden with

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walks, flower-beds, and shrubs in it. This would not in the least interfere with its being used as an exercise ground for the patients, but, on the contrary, would render it much more suitable for that purpose. Much attention is paid to the cultivation of the garden, which contains a great abundance and variety of vegetables. A book which is kept shows that the patients are very well supplied ; and surplus produce is at present being sold in town. An orchard has been planted. Other portions of ground immediately in front of the Asylum are now being prepared by the labour of the patients to be laid down in grass. The general health of the patients seems good. No one was found in seclusion or in bed. They were all quiet and well-behaved during the visit. None of them made any complaints except a male patient named E ■ J , who insisted that he never was insane, that he was illegally committed to the Asylum, and that he is now quite well, and able to earn his own livelihood. There can be no doubt that this patient was suffering from a severe attack of melancholia, and that he is still to a certain extent insane ; but he has greatly improved both in mental and bodily condition, and if he could get suitable employment, and find some friend to exercise a little kindly supervision over him, he would probably be much better and happier out of the Asylum than in it; he does not, however, seem fit to be simply discharged and thrown entirely on his own resources.* Thirteen of the men work in the garden and evidently work very well. This is a much larger number than were found employed in the grounds at last inspection; but it is still small considering the number of patients. No occupation is so good for the men as working steadily in the grounds, and every one of them capable of engaging in this, in however small a degree, should be studiously encouraged to do so. Twenty of the men take walks beyond the Asylum boundary regularly once a week, and, since an additional female attendant has been got, 10 of the women have enjoyed the same beneficial advantage. Twenty men and 8 women are registered as unemployed; several of these are idiots of a very degraded type, or so completely demented and helpless that they could not under any circumstances be got to engage in work of any kind. There is a dance regularly every week for the amusement of the patients; about 20 of the men and 10 of the women take part in it, and some 30 visitors are generally present and help to make it go off well. No religious services are performed at the Asylum. It does not appear from the Medical Journal that seclusion or restraint are much resorted to : one woman who is extremely destructive to clothing occasionally wears a strong dress, the long sleeves of which are crossed in front and fastened behind, so that she cannot use her hands; and a feeble male patient, in an advanced stage of general paralvsis, and whom it is found very difficult to keep clean, occupies a kind of night-stool as a chair, on to which he is loosely fastened by a strap round his waist. The male patients were seen at dinner, which was abundant, and, saving the potatoes, which were hardly quite ripe, of good quality and well served. They are now supplied, like the women, with ordinary knives and forks, and they are about to get tablecloths also. The Book of Admission and the Kegister of Discharges which have been got since last visit are carefully and accurately kept. The Medical Journal was fully up to date, but it does not give exactly all the particulars required by the Act. All medical prescriptions are entered in a book, but no Case-book is kept. A diary which is kept by the Superintendent is, to a certain extent, a substitute for a Case-book; but it is not what is required by the Lunatics Act. Attention is again drawn to the extremely small quantity of land attached to this Asylum for the recreation and employment of the inmates. It has only 8 acres, and there is not as much grass as would feed a goat. Napier Asylum. —On 1st January there were 11 men and u women in this Asylum. During the year 12 men and 7 women were admitted, 9 men and 2 women were discharged recovered, and 3 men and 2 women relieved ; leaving 11 men and 7 women at the end of the year. When the Asylum was visited on 10th April last there were 22 patients, and all the beds were occupied. The following is the greater part of the entry made in the Inspector's book with regard to the state of the Asylum at that time:— The whole house is scrupulously clean and in good order. It is, however, very poorly and scantily furnished. The walls have not been painted yet, and there are no pictures nor ornaments of any kind. Beyond a few numbers of the Illustrated London News, there is nothing in the wards calculated to interest or amuse the patients. The bedding is clean, but many of the blankets are now almost worn out. No sheets nor pillowcases are* in use. It is said that the patients are drawn from a class who are not accustomed to sheets, and that some of the women, to whom they were supplied, flung them aside and refused to have them. But it is not a cleanly habit to sleep without sheets, in dark-coloured blankets, which are, as a rule, washed at most twice a year. It would probably be found that by perseverance the patients in this Asylum could be induced to use sheets and pillowslips, as well as those in others. The clothing of the patients is sufficient; but it is the same as that of the prisoners, which is objectionable. No patient was found under restraint or in seclusion. Since last inspection, restraint by means of handcuffs has been used in two cases. In one of them it was only applied for a short time, and had not to be repeated. The other case is that of a man who is excessively destructive to clothing, and who is frequently handcuffed for a day at a time. It would be far better in cases of this sort to use strong leather gloves, without fingers, as in other Asylums. Seclusion, on account of the inadequacy of the staff, has to be resorted to whenever a patient becomes much excited ; but, except in the case of one patient labouring under acute mania, who was secluded for three days, it is stated that it has not been found necessary to seclude any one for more than two or three hours at a time. No patients are confined to bed or to the house. All patients, except three or four of the men * This patient [shortly afterwards obtained a situation and was discharged.

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who occasionally work in the little piece of ground in front of the house, when the attendant can spare time to go with them, are restricted for exercise to the airing-yards. These are exceedingly small— merely a few yards in area—and enclosed by high wooden fences. There is no view from them, and they contain no shelter from the sun. Most of the patients were found pacing up and down these melancholy courts. It is obvious that such a manner of spending their time must have a strong tendency to confirm their insanity, instead of curing it, or even allowing it a chance of working its own cure. At present there is no other place where the patients can take exercise. It would be an immense improvement if the now exposed and unfenced piece of ground, which slopes suddenly down from the front of the Asylum to the public road, were securely fenced in, and an additional attendant got. The ground could be turned into a pretty, cheerful garden, in which many of the now idle inmates could be got to work, and all of them allowed to take exercise. It would also be a great improvement if the high mound on the seaward side of the female airing-court were levelled, and the court extended in this direction and raised in the centre, so as to allow the patients to look out on the sea. At present almost all the inmates are unemployed, and there is no general recreation. The patients are evidently treated with kindness and consideration ; but it is imperative that another attendant should be got, in order that they may be removed from the injurious influence of continual confinement in the airing-yards, engaged in healthful occupation and recreation, and enjoy an occasional walk beyond the Asylum bounds. The Asylum is dependent for its water supply on the rain which is collected from the roof into two tanks. These do not hold nearly a sufficient quantity, and for some time lately, during which there has been no rain, it has been necessary to use brackish water, which is carted by the prisoners from a neighbouring well. Mr. Miller proposes to supplement the present storage by making a sunk tank of cement at the back of the Asylum, to hold 12,000 gallons, which would insure a supply both for ordinary purposes and in case of fire. This appears to be the best thing which can be done. The lavatories on both sides of the house are. much too small, and are not properly fitted up. Small tubs are used instead of basins, and the baths are merely tubs of an extremely inconvenient size and shape. These rooms should be enlarged by being increased at least G feet in width ; ordinary fixed baths, free from the walls on three sides, should be provided, and also three or four basins of block tin or enamelled iron. They should be boarded up to the roof on the inside and painted. Windows should be made, and locks should be put on the doors. All the windows of the sleeping-rooms have iron bars on the inside, and only one is furnished with shutters. Two or three on each side of the house should have shutters, without which they are very dangerous for suicidal patients. A few quilted blankets, made of a pair of ordinary blankets sewn into strong sailcloth, should be got for those patients who destroy their bedding. The diet is the same as that of the prisoners ; butter is consequently only given as an extra ; so also is milk, which has hitherto been supplied gratuitously by Mr. Miller from his own cow, which is now, however, not giving enough. Both these important articles should be on the diet scale, and an allowance of 1 oz. of butter and 1 gill of milk be given to each patient daily. A new Register of Admissions and a Register of Discharges have been got since last visit, and both books are very neatly and carefully kept. There is no Medical Journal or Case-book. There is only one patient towards whose maintenance contributions are made from private sources. The Superintendent is recommended to apply for another attendant,* to send in a requisition for some matting as a substitute for the old sacks at present spread on the floors of the wards, for cement for the proposed tank, for material for fencing the ground in front of the house and for enlarging the lavatories, for the requisite fittings of these places, for wood sufficient to make much-required verandas in the airing-courts, for material with which to paint the wards, and for an allowance of £20 with which to purchase some pictures, books, and a few ornaments for the wards. Auckland Asylum. —There were 163 patients in this Asylum on 1st January. During the year 56 were admitted, 12 were discharged recovered, and 8 not recovered, and 16 died ; leaving, at the' end of the year, 128 males and 55 females : total, 183. A full report of the cause and origin of the fire which occurred here, and its immediate consequences, having been already furnished by Mr. 13. Maclean and myself, it need not now be further referred to. The following is almost the whole of the entry made in the Inspector's book with reference to the condition of the Asylum when visited on the 15th and 16th April last: — The women continue to reside at the old hospital, whither they were removed when the fire occurred at the Asylum in September last. The building is of a very unsuitable construction for an insane community, and affords no facilities for their proper classification. It is moreover crowded, and contains but one day-room for the whole number of the patients, for whom it serves also the purpose of recreation and dining-hall. The wards, the walls of which are merely whitewashed, are as bare as barns of any ornamentation or objects of interest, and contain nothing but the most necessary furniture of the poorest description. They are infested with bugs, which it is found impossible to dislodge from the shrunken and decaying boards. The building is, generally speaking, in a dilapidated condition, and the roof lets in the water freely in several places. Accommodation of a very indifferent kind has been obtained for violent and noisy patients, by partitioning off the two apartments in the separate buildings intended as a fever ward into twelve single rooms. These are not found sufficient. Constant changes have to be made in their occupants, and frequently one or more of them are occupied by two patients at a time. There being but one day-room, troublesome patients have frequently to be kept in seclusion —not because it is the proper treatment for them, but because it is necessary for the peace and quiet of the other patients. * An additional attendant has been engaged.

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The supply of water is deficient, and is obtained laboriously by pumping from a well. A pipe has been laid down to connect a tank with those at the adjoining hospital, which is said to be now abundantly supplied from a neighbouring brewery ; but it is only intended that water shall be drawn from the hospital in case of emergency, such as fire. There is no sufficient protection against fire, the risks of which must be considered as very serious in an old shingle-roofed building tenanted by helpless insane women. The privies which were used by the hospital patients were found to be too far distant from the wards to be conveniently used by the lunatics, and therefore three earth-closets were erected in the ground between the refractory ward and the main building, which has been enclosed as an airingcourt ; but these are not sufficient, and it is found difficult or impossible to keep them clean and in good order. It would be very desirable if an officer of the Public "Works Department would inspect this building and report on what should be done to improve the roof and internal woodwork, to procure a sufficient supply of water both for ordinary purposes and in case of fire, and on the possibility of having ordinary water-closets. Tho female patients are likely to remain here for the next two years, as there is little prospect of the new Asylum wing being ready before that time, and the building in its present condition is not a fit abode for them. The wards were found clean and in good order; so alao was the bedding, with exception of some of that in the single rooms occupied by wet and dirty patients. In wet weather there is no means of drying wet bedding. All the patients were quiet and well behaved during the visit. They are, generally speaking, better dressed and more tidy in their appearance than formerly ; and none seem now to be allowed to go about barefooted. There is still however great room for improvement, and the nurses themselves should show a better example of neatness. The patients were seen enjoying a good dinner. They are not allowed knives and forks; and it is very disagreeable to see them all eating with their fingers. Only some 12 are restricted for exercise to the small airing-yard. All the others are permitted to go out into the large and cheerful field in which the hospital buildings stand; and from 20 to 30 of them take frequent walks beyond this field. There is a weekly dance on Friday evenings, from 7 to 9 o'clock, in which about 30 of the inmates take part. Friends of the Matron and other officers are admitted by invitation, and dance with the patients. The music is supplied by a band formed out of the male attendants. There is also a regular monthhr concert got up by the attendants, which is said to be much appreciated. No Divine service is performed at the Asylum ; but about 20 of the inmates, with several of tho officers, regularly attend the Hospital chapel. On every alternate Sunday the patients receive a visit from a party of ladies, who spend some time in the wards among them, sing sacred music, supply them with flowers, and talk in a friendly way with them. The patients are reported to be greatly pleased by these visits; and there can be no doubt that such acts of kindness, when judiciously performed, are calculated to do much good in many ways. The staff of officers consists of the Matron, a night nurse, five ordinary nurses, and a cook. Besides these a married male attendant resides on the premises, and makes himself generally useful ; and there is an unpaid labouring man, formerly an inmate of the Hospital, who gets his board, and pumps water, &c. The Medical Superintendent visits daily, and oftener when necessary ; and the Keeper and Clerk have also to pay frequent visits. Although some extra expense is entailed by the women residing in this building, and although it is far from being a suitable place for them, they are certainly better off than when couped up in the top story of the Asylum. Male Depabthent. All of the Asylum which was left habitable by the fire is now in occupation by the male patients, and is greatly overcrowded. The restoration of the upper story, and other destroyed portions, is in progress, and as soon as it is finished the whole building can be taken possession of by the men, and their crowded condition will be considerably relieved. But until the new wing is completed, the state of this Asylum cannot be otherwise than in the highest degree unsatisfactory. All the patients were seen. There was not nearly so much noise and excitement as on previous visits. Since the four additional attendants recommended were got, the patients have not been confined as formerly to the airing-court, but have had much more extended exercise, and this has doubtless much to do with the dimunition of noisy excitement. Many of them are exceedingly untidy and slovenly in their appearance. No less than 15 were noticed going about barefooted, and with no other clothing than shirt and trousers. No patients were found in seclusion, nor under restraint; and there are only three at present confined to bed. Four violent and dangerous men wear strait jackets at night ; this is rendered necessary by the overcrowding, and the deficiency of single rooms. From 50 to 60 take exercise daily in the grounds, and a party of 30 to 40 go out twice daily for a country walk. On an average about 30 are usefully employed, of whom 12 pump water and cut firewood, G work in the garden, 6 in the kitchen, and G in the dining hall. The remaining 90 odd engage in no occupation. Since the fire, and the consequent removal of the female department to tho old Hospital, there have been no regular associated amusements for the men; but a few of them occasionally play cricket and quoits. A large number of the inmates are very troublesome cases, and require much special attention. Fifteen of them are entered in the Medical Journal as being of wet and dirty habits; and the actual number of wet beds varies from three to six. There are in this Asylum, as in all the others in the colony, several persons who, though undoubtedly of unsound mind to a certain extent, do not require Asylum treatment; and who are detained, rather because they have no friends able and willing to take care of them, than because the nature of their disease requires Asylum treatment.

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The Eegister of Admissions continues to be kept in a very unsatisfactory manner, and is full of errors. Most of the numbers affixed to each patient's name, as the numbers in order of admission, are incorrect. Patients who have been liberated merely on trial, under the 64th clause of " The Lunatics Act," and have been replaced in the Asylum, are re-entered in the Register, sometimes under a new number, sometimes without. Most of the patients are received into the Asylum under two orders, one granted by a Eesident Magistrate under the 11th clause, and the second granted by a policeman or other person under the 15th clause of " The Lunatics Act, 1868." Divine service is performed in the dining hall on Thursdays by a clergyman, and on a Sunday by a lay reader. From 35 to 40 of the inmates attend. Three of the attendants are at present off duty from sickness ; two of them are believed to be suffering from typhoid fever, and have been removed —-one to the hospital, and the other to his own house. The Medical Superintendent has also been unable, from illness, to visit the male department for the last two or three days. Three extra attendants have been engaged temporarily in place of those on the sick list; and a medical practitioner from town is doing duty to a certain extent for Dr. Aickin. The occurrence of typhoid fever in this crowded community, and in a building the drainage system of which is utterly abominable, is a matter of very serious concern. The suggestions which I made on my first visit regarding the drainage have only been partially carried out, and that in such a way as to make a very doubtful improvement. One of the sewage tanks complained of has been demolished, and the almost stagnant sewage is allowed to escape through the Asylum grounds by means of an open drain. But the other tank still remains, and, in combination with the closets and urinals placed above, forms a most disgusting and unhealthy contrivance. This tank was stated by the head attendant to have been only twice cleaned out within the last year. The chamber above it, in which are contained the closets and urinals, has not even a window, and can only be ventilated by means of the door, which has to be left open for this purpose and for the convenience of the patients. The stench in it was quite overpowering. The sooner this tank is abolished and proper water-closets and urinals erected the better. Meantime the cleaning of these places should receive much more attention than is now given. FtTBTHEE PeOVISION. Males. Females. Total. At present there is Asylum accommodation of one kind or another for ... 358 281 639 And the number of patients in Asylums at this date is ... ... 595 303 898 So that the excess over the accommodation is ... 237 22 259 This statement, however, simply shows that there are at present 259 patients for whom there is no accommodation of any kind, and who are crowding the Asylums to such an extent as to render their proper management quite impossible; but it takes no notice of the utterly unsuitable nature of a large amount of the existing accommodation, nor of the rapid rate at which the number of lunatics is increasing ; and therefore it does not, in my opinion, indicate the amount of additional accommodation which is really required. The existing accommodation of a satisfactory nature is very limited. The Dunedin Asylum was originally only intended as a temporary one. The badness of its plan of construction, the extreme publicity of its site, and the small quantity of land it possesses (10 acres) damn it completely, even for its original purpose, much more as a permanent institution. The male department of the Christchurch Asylum is an old, badly-constructed, fast-decaying, and already dangerously-rotten building; it is doubtful if some parts of it will hold together in a habitable state till the proposed new building is erected. Of the Wellington Asylum, the front part only (which has room for 40 patients) is satisfactory. The remainder is altogether to be condemned. The Napier Asylum is not, properly speaking, an Asylum at all. It is merely a small building within the gaol grounds, which is only fit for temporary occupation by persons committed " on remand for medical examination " during a transient attack of mental disturbance brought on by drinking, or by acute cases, pending the making of arrangements for their removal to another Asylum. The New Plymouth A sylum is hardly even fit for the above purposes, and its accommodation cannot be taken into consideration at all. Of the Auckland Asylum only the male wing has as yet been built. It contains accommodation for 50 patients. The old hospital, in which the women are at present located, is a fast-decaying building, totally unfitted by its structure and situation to he anything but an inconvenient, temporary residence till the proposed new wing is added to the Asylum. When these things are taken into consideration,

Males. Females. Total. At Christchurch ... ... ... ... ... — 80 80 Hokitika ... ... ... ... ... 31 9 40 Nelson ... ... ... ... ... 30 30 60 Wellington ... ... ... ... ... 20 20 40 Auckland ... ... ... ... ... 50 — 50 Total ... ... ... ... 131 139 270 And, as the present number of patients is ... ... 595 303 898 There is a deficiency of accommodation for ... ... 464 164 682

Every year there is a great increase in the number of patients. The increase last year was 81, and the average increase for the last five years is 66. Taking the lowest of these figures as representing the probable annual increase for the next two years, there will be, two years hence, 1,030 patients. 2—H. 10.

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It seems extremely unlikely that the already-approved additions to the Christchurch and Auckland Asylums, which provide respectively for 150 and 107 patients, will be ready for occupation before then, and meantime, unless other provision is made, the number of lunatics will have accumulated to 391 in excess of accommodation of any kind, and to 760 in excess of what can be regarded as proper accommodation. This calculation is probably within the mark; the additions spoken of are not at all likely to be completed in two years, and the increase in the numbers is likely to be over the average of the last five years. Assuming that they are completed two years hence, there will then still be an excess over the total accommodation of 13-i, or over the satisfactory accommodation of 503. With reference to the manner in which additional provision should be made, I think that the proposed extension of the Christchurch and Auckland Asylums, the plans of which have already been prepared and approved, should be made as speedily as possible, and that two new Asylums, each for 300 patients,, should be built, one on the Blueskin reserve for Otago district, and the other on some convenient site near Wellington, and that the Hokitika Asylum should be enlarged, as already authorized, so as to contain 70 patients. Supposing these two new Asylums to be completed three years hence, there would then be proper accommodation for lunatics as follows: — Patients. AtDunedin ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 300 Christchurch ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 230 Hokitika ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 70 Nelson ... ... .., ... ... ... ... 60 Wellington ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 300 Auckland ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 157 Total 1,117 which would only be for about 21 more patients than are likely to be in the colony by that time, calculating the yearly increment at 66. I stated fully in my report of last year my reasons for advocating local Asylums of small and moderate size, in preference to one or two large ones. Possibly it might be cheaper, as far as the matter of building is concerned, to abandon the present Asylums, and the proposed extension of the Christchurch and Auckland Asylums, and build one large Asylum for 1,000 patients, or two for 500 each. But the objections to dispensing with local Asylums are exceedingly great, and I see no reason to believe the annual expense of efficient management would be less for an Asylum of 1,000, or for two of 500, than for moderate-sized local ones such as proposed. I regret to say that the over-crowding of the existing Asylums is so great, and is increasing so rapidly, that temporary buildings of some kind must be erected. It is impossible to wait till the extensions at Christchurch and Auckland, and the two new Asylums suggested for Dunedin and Wellington, are completed. I beg, therefore, to repeat the recommendation which I made in my report of 16th January last on the Blueskin reserve, that temporary accommodation should be provided there for a working party of, say, 30 patients, who could be employed in clearing the ground for the new Asylum; and the suggestion made in my report of 15th March on the Wellington Asylum, that additional accommodation should be there provided for 100 patients. The following is an approximate estimate of the cost of the buildings which I have recommended :— New wing, Christchurch Asylum, for 150 patients, at £200 per patient £30,000 New wing, Auckland Asylum, for 107 patients, at £200 per patient ... 22,400 Asylum at Blueskin Eeserve for 300 patients, at £200 per patient ... 60,000 New Asylum near Wellington for 300 patients, at £200 per patient ... 60,000 Additions to Hokitika Asylum (built chiefly by the patients, of timber grown and prepared on the Asylum Eeserve), for 30 patients, at £40 per patient ... ... ... ... ... ... 1,200 Temporary wooden buildings at Blueskin Eeserve for 30 patients, [at £100 per patient ... ... ... ... ... "... 3,000 Additions in brick to present Wellington Asylum, for 100 patients, at £100 per patient ... ... ... ' ... ... ... 10,000 Total ... ... ... ... ... £186,600 The estimates given above for the Christchurch and Auckland Asylums are much higher than those made by the architects, which were respectively about £24,000 and £15,000; but I fear that these which I have made, after discussing the matter with the Acting-Colonial Architect, are more likely to be correct. I should mention that the plans of the additions to the Christchurch Asylum are simply for the male wing, and do not include a central administration block, with quarters for medical officer, steward, matron, clerk's office, visiting room, kitchen, scullery, &c, which will afterwards have to be provided ; and there is no provision in the plans of the Auckland Asylum additions for a wash-ing-house and laundry, which are much needed. " The more modern English Asylums have cost about £150 per patient, including furniture and land." (Eeport on Lunatic Asylums by Dr. Manning.) Medical Supeeintendents. With reference to the question of Medical Superintendents for the existing and proposed new Asylums, I think that the Wellington and Dunedin Asylums can in the meantime be managed without Medical Superintendents, the former being still small enough to be looked after, like those at Hokitika and Nelson, by a Visiting Physician, and the latter being under medical charge of a physician who is practically resident and not engaged in general practice. To the Christchurch Asylum a Eesident Medical Superintendent should be appointed without delay. He should be a person who has been

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specially trained for the duties of his post by a residence as assistant physician in a first-rate county Asylum at Home. The difference between the salary of the present Visiting Surgeon (£300) and of a Eesident Medical Superintendent (say, £600) would not add thirteen shillings a year to the average cost of maintenance of each patient, and he would probably effect a saving in several directions. A similar appointment is required to be made at the Auckland Asylum, the present Medical Superintendent being, as I have already reported, in my opinion, incompetent. Similar appointments would also require to be made at the proposed new Asylums for Dunedin and Wellington some time before these were ready for occupation. Cost of Maintenance. The total cost of maintenance of the insane during the year 1877 was, as shown in Table XIII. £34,757 15s. 8d. Prom this has to be deducted £4,124 14s. 7d. repaid to the Treasury, of which £3,288 15s. 6d. was the amount collected for the maintenance of private patients, and £835 19s. Id. was received for produce sold and work done in the Asylums. The actual cost to the Government was thus £30,633 Is. Id., which is £347 6s. Id. greater than that of last year. A much larger sum than this small increase is accounted for by the tire at the Auckland Asylum, which destroyed an immense quantity of bedding any clothing, and in many other ways occasioned sudden and unusual outlay. But, leaving this fact out of view, and taking the figures as they stand, there having been a daily average of 70 more patients than the previons year, there was relatively a considerable decrease in expenditure, the average cost per patient having been reduced by £S 12s. 5Jd. The average cost of maintenance was £37 8s. llfrd., or, exclusive of general expenses, £35 0s. 3yd., which is 7s. 7;}d. more than in the Asylums of Victoria in 1876. It will be seen, however, from Table XIV., that it differed enormously in the different Asylums, ranging from £23 9s. 3jd. at Dunedin to £52 3s. 4d. at Hokitika. It is principally the excessive price of everything which makes the rate of maintenance so high at Hokitika, wages alone, for example, being £26 a head, which is considerably more than the whole cost of a patient at Dunedin. The comparatively great expenditure at several of the other Asylums is partly accounted for by the necessity that existed of improving and adding to the clothing and bedding, and furniture, which were extremely poor and deficient; partly also to wastefulness, especially in the consumption of " medical comforts," which was not checked before several months of the year had elapsed. Matters were better by the end of the financial year in June, when the total expenditure, credit being taken for repayments, amounted to £29,222 17s. 10d.. which, is £2,258 19s. 2d. within the vote. I have, &c, Feed. "W. A. Skae, The Hon. the Colonial Secretary, "Wellington. Inspector, Lunatic Asylums.

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Table I., showing the Admissions, Eeadmissions, Disciiabges, and Deaths in Asylums during the Tear 1877. M. P. Total. In Asylums 1st January, 1877 ... ... ... ... ... 523 268 791 M. F. Total. Admitted for the first time ... ... ... 216 101 317 Readmitted ... ... ... ... 34 11 45 Total admitted ... ... ... 250 112 362 Total under care during the year ... ... ... ... 773 380 1,153 Discharged and Removed. M. F. Total. Recovered ... ... ... ... ... 123 57 180 Relieved ... ... ... ... ... 20 9 29 Not improved ... ... ... ... 7 2 9 Died ... ... ... ... ... 42 21 63 Total discharged and died during the year ... — 192 89 281 Remaining in Asylums 31st December, 1877 ... ... ... ... 581 291 872 Increase over 31st December, 1876 ... ... ... ... ... 58 23 81 Average number resident during the year ... ... ... ... 541 277 818

Table II., showing the Admissions, Dischaeges, and Deaths, with the Mean Annual Mortality and Proportion of Eecoveries, &c, per Cent, on the Admissions, &c, in Asylums, during tho Tear, 1877.

APPENDIX.

Admissions in the Yeae 1877. Total Number 1st January, 1877. Admitted for first time. Eeadmitted. Total. of Patients under Care. Asylums. M. F. Total. M. P. Total. M. P. iTotal. M. F. Total I M. P. Total. lUCKLAND Few Plymouth fAPIEB Wellington [elson [OKITIKA !HEISTCnUECH ... >UNEDIN 104 4 11 47 28 43 120 166 59 4 31 18 14 73 69 163 4 15 78 46 57 193 235 40 3 9 37 11 26 42 48 12 2 6 12 1 9 32 27 52 5 15 49 12 35 74 75 3 3 8 2 4 1 1 2 1 2 4 4 10 3 6 43 3 12 45 13 30 42 62 13 2 7 14 2 11 32 31 56 5 19 59 15 41 74 93 147 7 23 92 41 73 162 228 72 2 11 45 20 25 105 100 219 9 34 137 61 98 2G7 328 14 4 18 Totals 523 268 791 216 101 317 34 11 45 250 112 362 773 380 1,153 Pat: [BNTS iisoh. iged and Died. ischarg not ;ed Total iiarged Died. Remaini in Asylum 31st Decer, 1877. ing is nber, Asylums. Hi ischarg jeoven 3d. 3d. Died. Disci and ;coveri M. K. Total. IC F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. P. Total. lTICKLAND fEW PLYMOUTH fAPIKK Vellington fELSON Iumtika !heistchuech ... )UNEDIN 6 9 16 5 17 28 42 6 2 4 1 5 23 16 12 11 20 6 22 51 58 5 5 3 7 1 2 2 2 3 1 2 1 8 6 5 8 1 4 2 4 8 1 8 3 5 6 11 8 2 1 16 1 10 4 5 10 17 19 6 12 31 9 24 36 55 17 1 14 7 2 7 27 24 36 7 6 38 11 31 63 79 128 1 11 61 32 49 126 173 55 1 7 38 18 18 78 76 183 2 18 99 50 67 204 249 2 "4 6 "2 TOTALS 123 57 180 27 11 I 38 1 42 21 G3 192 89 281 581 291 872

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Table III., showing the Ages of the Admissioxs in the different Asylums during the Tear 1877.

Table IV., showing the Ages of Patients Dischaeged during the Tear 1877.

'able . — continue!

Averi »ge Nii leaiden iring tl Year. imber it P« •centagi ;e of Percentaj Deaths average Ni Besidei during the ;eof Pen Di Nun ;e of on indcr Fa of di he lecoveri idmiss ]g the 1 ies lions Year. on imber nt ;entag' :'iil li- ( iber uj Care. A( reentagi Deaths ASTLTTMS. on durii on Imissioi Year. H. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. LX7CKLAND fEW Plymouth fAPIEB Vellington fELSON lOKITIKA Iheistchuecii ... )rSEDIS 115 58 173 13-95 4615 21-42 6-95 13-79 924 5-44 14-28 11-11 7-30 1111 18-60 33-33 17-77 23-07 16-66 14-28 17-74 17-74 61-53 28-57 20-00 1694 2666 1219 13-51 13 51 30 44 123 165 6 34 19 16 75 69 19 85 49 00 198 234 75-00 35-55 38-46 5666 66-66 67-74! 28-57 2857 50-00 45-44 71-87 ' 51-61 57-89 3389 40-00 53-65 6891 62 36 15-68 1000! 11-36 4-87J 6-66J 5;88 i 5-26 11-76 8-16 833 5-05 7-26 8;69 7-31 6-84 370 4-82 4-44 500 7-29 655 5-10 3-74 5-18 14-28 50-00 12-50 ! 533 8-69 380 600 19-35 18-27 Totals 541 277 818 | 49-20: i 50-801 j 49-72 I 7-76 I 7-58 7-70 543 552 5-46 16-80 18-75 17-40

New Plymouth. :hrisl \r.. ilai id. Napier. Wei Ilin 'ton. fclsoi .kili :a. hurcl inedin. ■otal. Ages. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. Jndcr 5 years... "rom 5 to 10 yrs. n 10,, 15 „ » 15 » 20 II [„ 20 „ 30 „ „ 3°» 4° ,. „ 40 „ 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 „ „ 60 „ 70 „ „ 7° .. 80 „ „ 80 „ 90 „ Jnknown 1 2 6 8 3 4 2 1 5 10 21 10 3 2 3 2 5 J 1 4 2 1 9 6 I 1 1 9 16 1 1 3 4 5 i 1 1 2 12 20 14 3 "(, 4 1 2 6 4 1 "6 12 9 3 j 2 3 4 1 "8 15 >3 3 1 1 12 20 .; 1 1 1 3 7 8 1 1 4 28 1 2 11 22 18 4 6 H 4 1 I 6 36 22 4 3 1 1 2 2 2 6 58 95 53 l9 1 3 1 4 1 1 1 2 12 26 35 26 6 ii 8. *3' 7' 2. i 3 1 5 3 1 3 9 3 2 4 1 9 3 14 6 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 4 Totals I 1 62 I I 43 13 56 3 ' 2 5 12 7 19 451 i '4 59 13 2 15 3° 11 4' 42 32 74 3i 93 •So 112 36

Aucl ;land. New PI rmouth. Napier. Welli: igton. Ages. Recovered. Not Recovered. Recovered. Not Recovered. Recovered. Rec^ed Recovered. Not Recovered. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. 'rom 10 to 15 » IS ,. 20 H 2° » 3° ,, 3° » 4° n 4° ,» 5° „ 50 „ 60 „ 60 „ 70 „ 70 „ 80 „ 80 „ 90 Jnknown 4 1 1 4 i 1 8 2 1 3 1 1 I 2 1 3 3 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 4 4 1 1 1 5 5 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 1 4 5 4 1 2 1 1 2 4 6 S 1 5 2 1 6 2 1 ... 2 2 -I Totals 6 6 5 8 1 5 9 2 3 2 S 16 4 20 7 8 12 3 11 1

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Table IV., showing the Ages of Patients Discharged, &c.— continued.

Table V., showing the Aues of Patients who Died during the Tear 1877.

Table VI, showing Length of Kesidence of Patients Discharged Eecotered during the Year 1877.

Nel: ion. Hokitika. Christchurch. Duni ;din. Ages. Recovered. Not Recovered. Recovered. Nol Recove red. Recovered. Nc Recovi >t :red. Recovered. Not Recovered. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. M. F. T. M. F. M. F. T. T. T. M. K. T. 'rom 10 to 15 ... » 15 » 2° ••• ,, 20 „ 30 11 30 „ 40 ... » 4° 11 5° ■•■ „ 50 „ 60 ... 11 60 „ 70 ... ., 70 „ 80 ... ,, 80 „ 90 Jnknown 3 2 1 3 2 1 1 ■"■ 1 1 2 7 5 2 I* 2 2 1 1 2 9 7 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 6 16 i4 I 1 2 4 6 2 1 3 10 23 10 2 2 1 1 1 1 9 23 6 3 1 1 4 7 3 1 13 3° 9 3 1 1 1 1 1 2 ... ' '" ... i '" 1 1 1 1 1 1 Totals ... 6 '7 5 2 28 16 58 s 1 1 1 22 2 4 23 51 2 2 42 2 2 4

:kland. Nev [apier. Wei Ilington. felson. Ilokitika. :hristlurch. lin. Total Plymoi ith. inn Ages. 'rora 15 to 20 » 20 „ 30 •■ 3° n 4° „ 4° .. 5° ,, 5° » 6o „ 60 „ 70 I "' 3 M. 1 1 2 1 2 2i 5 3 3 ... 3 ... I 2 8| 16 f. |t. 1 M. F. 1 T. M. F. T. M. 1 2 F. 1 T. 1 3 3 1 M. 1 1 F. 1 T. 1 1 1 M. F. I 3 ... 3! ••• I I s: - T. 3 1 M. F. T. 1 1 1 1 1 5 1 2 1 4 10 M. I 3 5 1 1 F. 3 2 T. 4 5 5 2 1 M. F. I ... ! 2 3 6 16 6 12 S 7 ' 4 > 42 21 T. 2 9 22 17 8 5 63 3 2 3 1 1 1 ... 1 1 1 2 I 1 6 6 Totals ... 8 1 1 •\.. 8 2 10 3 1 4 t S 11 i?

New !hris! itickland. Plymoi Napier. Wei lini ton. Nelson. .kiti: :,^. nurcl inedin. 'otaJ ith. List of Residence. M. r. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M, F. T. M. F. T. I Jnder 1 month 'rora 1 to 3 mos. ,. 3 ;. 6 „ „ 6 „ 9 „ „ 9» 12 " „ 1 ,, 2 yrs. >. 2 » 3 >i )» 3 jj 5 »» >, 5 >. 7 » „ 7..Jo .. „ 10 ,,12 „ I 3 1 1 1 2 2 2 5 3 1 6 3 1 1 7 4 5 4 3 2 I 2 2 4 2 3 2 I 3 3 10 3 2 2 3 1 1 13 4 2 3 4 5 3 8 3 1 2 6 3 5 2 4 1 6 11 6 13 5 5 2 3 8 II 12 4! 3 .? 1 12 M '5 1 6 6 32 3* 22 '4 11 16 8 9 3 7 2 43 48 3° 23 13 12 6 1 1 I 5 .1 2 I 1 3 10 5 I '" I I 1 3 1 2 ... ! I "* 2 4 1 S ... I I ... ... „ 12 ,,15 „ )ver 15 years ... ... ... ... ... Totals 6 6 | I 1 i 1 i 1 16 20 5 0 17 5 i^ 1 58 1 180 12 1 I 91 1 1 ! 2| 11 4 I 22 23 Si 42 16 123 57

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Table VII., showing Length of Eesidence of Patients who died during the Year 1877.

Table VIII., showing Condition as to Maeeiage of Patients Admitted, Discharged, and Died, during the Tear 1877.

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Auckland. NewPlymouth. Napier. Wellington. Nelson. Hokitika. Christchurch Dunedin. Total. Length of Residence. U, r. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. "nder 1 month 'rom 1 to 3 months 'roni 3 to 6 months 'rom 6 lo 9 months from 9 to 12 months 'rom 1 to 2 years ... from 2 to 3 years ... from 3 to 5 years ... "rom 5 to 7 years ... from 7 to 10 years... from 10 to 12 years from 12 to 15 years )ver 15 years )ied while absent on trial ... 1 2 I 8 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 8 2 1 1 1 2 1 8 3 5 6 3 5 4 3 5 2 4 8 7 5 8 5 7 7 4 6 2 3 1 1 2 1 1 T 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 i 1 3 1 1 1 2 1 1 I 1 1 2 i' 1 i i 2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i 1 2 i 1 1 1 1 i 1 i" 1 1 1 8 i 4 i' 1 1 1 1 1 i 1 i 1 Totals I ... 1 ... 16 1 8 2 T ! 5 6 4 10 11 6 17 42! I 21 8 8 ! 1 10 3 1 4 I ... 68

Discharges. issioi leatks. is. Recovered. Not Eecovi jred. M. F. Total. M. F. Total. If. F. Total. M. F. Total. .UCKLAND — Single ... Married Unknown Widowed Total ... 29 8 4 5 8 34 16 4 2 j 56 4 1 3 3 7 4 3 2 1 2 4 4 5 3 3 3 8 6 1 6 1 I 12_ 2 2 16 13 i 6 ; 5 3 8 j i 8 EW PLYMOUTH— Single ... Married Widowed 3 2 3 2 4 1 1 4 2 1 1 ... i ■" 3 2 - I i I - I 1 - ! 6 I I - I 1 I I 1 Total ... 5_ - I I - 5_ [apier— Single ... Married Widowed Total ... 11 1 4 3 | 15 4 8 1 2 8 3 3 1 1 4 1 '" j 12 ... I ■■■ 51 "'s| I 11 2 _±J ... ! ••• i 7 I 9_ I 3 I Wellington— Single ... Married Widowed Total ... 35 10 6 8 41 18 I . 13 3 2 2 15 5 5 2 1 6 2 8 i 2~~ 8 1 1 10 45 14 59 i 16 4 20 7 1 8 8 iELSON— Single ... Married Widowed 10 3 2 12 3 2 3 1 3 3 1 1 2 1 i 2 2 Total ... 13 2_| I 15 5_ 1_ 6_ 1 1 3 i 4 [OKITIKA- — Single ... Married Widowed 26 4 2 8 1 11 I 28 12 1 41 16 1 2 3 18 4 1 1 2 1 3 4 1 4 1 Total ... 30 17 5 22 2 2 4 5 i ! 5 Ihbistcihtbch — Single ... Married Widowed 29 11 2_ 43 9 23 38 34 2 21 5 2_ 28 5 17 1 23 26 22 3_ 5T* 1 1 1 1 2 3 1 6~~ 3 1 5 4 1 10 Total ... 32 I | 74_ 2 2 4 )UNEDIN — Single ... Mivrried Widowed Total ... 30 26 6 62 12 ■A 42 42 9 26 13 | 3_ 42 4 i 12 30 25 3 58 1 i 2 1 1 2 1 1 9 1 1 11 "i 2 6 9 5 3 17 31 ! 93 16 2 4 'OTALS — Single ... Married Widowed Unknown 173 63 10 4 250 40 68 I 4 213 j 131 14 4 I 362 90 27 6 17 39 1 107 66 7 r.t 7 1 4 7 23 14 1 31 9 2 6 10 5 37 19 7 112 I 123 57 180 11 38 42 21 63 Total ... •a

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Table IX., showing Causes of Death.

Tatue X showing Total Astlum Accommodation of all kinds, and Numbee of Patients, at 29th June, 1878.

17

Plym 3W louth Wei t( llingOh fliu ristirch. Aucl [and Nei ion. Hoki itika Dum >din 'oti )n. Causes. M. P. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. T. diseases of the Nervous System : General paralysis Epilepsy ApoplexySerous apoplexy Exhaustion from mania Delirium tremens Pai-alysis Chronic meningitis Chronic disease of brain Chronic mania, with convulsions Progressive paralysis ... Softening of the brain... Syphilitic disease of the brain ... Exhaustion from alcoholic mania, cgmplicated with lung disease 1 2 1 1 3 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 i 1 i 2 i i 1 i l 2 i 2 3 5 2 3 1 1 1 3 1 5 i 1 1 1 2 4 10 2 1 1 2 1 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 i 3 i 1 3 1 1 1 i 1 'ioraoie Diseases : Tuberculosis... Cardiac dropsy Cardiac disease and aneurism of aorta Cardiac disease Phthisis pulmonalis ... 1 i 1 2 1 2 i 2 1 •1 1 ] 2 1 l 2 1 2 Hher Causes : Inanition Asthenia Marasmus ... Debility Typhoid fever General dropsy Disease of kidneys Cancer of prostate and scrotum Senile decay... Chronic diarrhoea Purpura hoemorrhagica ... Strangulation suicidal Burned to death Suffocation in bed while in epileptic fit Suffocation when eating and heart disease 1 ... i 1 1 i 1 1 i i i l i i 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i I 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 i i i i 1 1 1 1 8 6 4 ii Totals 8 1 8 2 3 1 5 6 42 21 63

If umber of Patients. Aceomm odation. Asylums. M. F. Total. M. P. Total. aicldand (Asylum and old Hospital) [apier few Plymouth Wellington ... felson Hiristchuroh lokilika )uneilin 126 17 64, 36 130 48 174 60 6 22 7!) 16 76 186 23 108 58 209 64 250 50 17 6 32 30 60 31 132 60 6 8 27 80 80 8 78 100 23 9 59 60 140 40 208 Totals ... 595 303 898 358 281 j 639 3—H. 10.

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Table XI., showing the Natite Cototeies of Patients in Asylums at 31st December, 1877.

Table XII., showing the Ages of Patients in Asylums on 31st December, 1877.

Auckland. New Plymouth. Napier. ! Wellington. Total. Nelson. Hokitika. Christchureh. Dunedin. Country. F. T. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. U. F. T. jr. M. H. F. X. II. F. I. M. F. T. M. F. T. England Scotland Ireland ?cw Zealand Australia ... 61 16 29 7 18 10 19 4 79! ... 26 48 1 11 ... ... , r 4 3 1 2 1 2 6 3 5 1 26 7 12 9 15 2 10 8 41 9 22 17 11 7 12 9 3 3 2 20 10 15 2 13 7 17 1 2 1 3 3 I 2 ! 12 ! 16 9 29 1 3 1 3 59 18 38 2 1 1 2 46 7 18 4 1 105 25 56 6 2 1 3 1 1 1 44 59 32 2 2 2 4 1 5 4 5 7 4 2 16 40 17 60 99 49 2 4 2 5 1 5 4 5 7 4 2 218 116 144 22 5 7 13 2 10 9 7 7 12 9 109 65 81 18 4 2 4 1 1 1 327 171 225 40 9 9 17 3 11 10 7 7 12 14 3 1 1 ' 1 1 3 2 1 1 -t 1 i" i "i a France 1 3 1 4 1 1 i Germany ... Norway Sweden Denmark ... }hina Dther Countries Maoris I ... I ... 1 i 1 1 "2 1 1 1 "i 1 i 1 1 1 2 ... 1 2 "i 1 ... ; ... 7 3 ... ... 10 183 1 1 I - ■iil "2 "2 2 1 i 1 1 3 3 ... 5 128 I I I 2 n 7 I 32 18 50 49 I is! I 67" 126 78 204 I 173 76 291 Totals... 55 1 18 61 i 249 581 872 88 99

Auckland. New Plymouth. Napier. Wellington. Nelson. Hokitika. Chris tchurcli. Dunedin. Total. Ages. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. If. F. T. M. F. T. M. F. T. jr. F. T. M. ]•'. T. From 1 to 5 years „ 5 „ 10 „ „ 10 „ 15 „ >, 15 „ 20 „ „ 20 „ 30 „ „ 30 „ 40 „ „ 40 „ 50 „ „ 50 „ 60 „ „ 60 „ 70 ., ,, 70 „ 80 „ Upwards of 80 „ Unknown ... i 2 10 50 33 18 11 2 1 ... 3 3 21 15 8 3 2 "i 5 13 71 48 26 14 4 1 ... i ... r ... ... I 1 1 3 5 i 2 3 6 3 8 1 2 2 1 1 1 ... 1 2 ... 2 13 4 14 6 20 20 8 28 14 11 25 7 6 13 13 4 li ... 1 ... 5 10 9 6 2 ... i i 9 4. 3 ... i 6 19 13 9 2 "i l 6 22 14 5 ... 3 9 3 1 1 9 31 17 5 1 1 1 13 35 56 17 2 1 1 1 2 9 27 26 7 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 22 62 82 24 3 2 1 2 1 2 5 21 51 61 19 8 2 - "3 37 19 9 1 2 8 I 28 88 83 28 8 2 5 4 10 73 193 191 74 24 6 1 1 1 2 11 32 114 80 33 8 3 1 5 1 6 6 21 105 307 271 107 32 9 5 1 I -. ... ... ... : ... ... I 2 2 i "i 128 ... I 55 ! ... I 183 1 i 2 11 7 18 I 01 ! 38 99 I i ... I ... I ! 67 ! ! ! 126 I 78 204 173 i 1 76 I 249 581 I 872 Totals... ! 32 18 50 i 49 18 291

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Tabie XIII., showing the Total Cost of Maintenance against each Asylum, and the Geneeal Expendituhe for the Tear, to 31st December, 1877.

Table XIV., showing Ateeaoe Cost of Maintenance of each Patient per Annum.

Asylums. Provisions. Salaries and Wages. Necessaries, &c. Repairs to Buildings. Furniture. Surgery Wines, and Spirita, Ale, Dispensary, and Porter. Farm and Garden. Total Repayments Cost per ! for Patient. Maintenance. Payments. vious Year. , CoBt m 1877Increuse in 1877. Dunedin Xapier Chnstcburcli Auckland Wellington Hokitika ■ £ s. d. £ s. A. ... 14 6 5* 13 15 9J ... 11 7 31 8 18 114; ... ! 14 1G 5* 17 16 OJ! ... I 13 11 6J 10 5 5 I ... ! 14 18 11| 14 1 71 ... i 12 1 101 17 6 9 ... [ 16 16 7i 26 1 21 £ 11 ; 4 £ s. d. £ s. d. [£ s. d. ' £ s. d. £ s. d. 1 8 3J HI 8f; 1 6 8f ; 0 3 3| 4 10 10^ 3 7 8^i 1 17 Of ... 0 4 8| 1 13 5 3 2 3J 2 0 6| 0 11 3| : 4 16 2 1 6 11 ! 4 1 Oi 2 14 9| i 0 1 0i 3 0 2i 4 5 8J 1 12 4i 0 2 9| I 0 1 10| 3 1G Si 2 18 9i 3 7 8f 2 6 0 | 1 8 6J 4 8 Oi 1 1 G. 1. 5 0 2$ 0 4 9i j 0 2 6f I t. d . 8 3 I 10 10 . 13 5 t 16 2 ! 6 2 i 16 3 I 8 0 31 1 5 3 2 j 1 21 4 3J 2 0| 1 ! s. d 11 8 i 7 8 i 2 3 (i 11 i 18 i: 1 6 3. i£ 8j| 1 ail l 3} 2 1 4 SJ 1 Pi- 3 61 5 : e. a. . 6 8 . 17 0; , 1 0, . 12 4: i 7 8: 1 0 2 I. |£ H I 0 >i o li 0 Si 2 ii 0 s. A I 3 3 I ll' 3 ! 14 9 I 2 0: : 6 o I 4 9: 1. £ si o ) ( 1 )i 0 i s. i 1 . 8 ) 2 £ s. d. £ B. d. £ s. d. ! £ s. d. £ a. d. 0 6 4J 0 6 6J 0 0 6} ' 33 6 4V 9 17 1* 0 8 4 0 0 10 ! ... 30 15 7i 1 15 3£ 1 11 M 0 2 7 41 14 4}j 4 18 9 0 10 4J 1 6 If U0 3 P} 38 17 3J 1 2 0 8| 1 12 81 0 1 51 11 0 10 2 11 5 0 8 8 1 13 2f : 0 3 0J ! 45 10 tl§ 19 8 0 13 10i ; 0 4 61 0 7 10J ! 55 7 6Ji 3 4 2j I 39 4 0 4 18 4$ £ s. d. £ t. d. £ s. d. 23 9 3i 26 2 21 2 12 11 29 0 8j 2S 16 Hi 36 15 7f 45 18 9 9 3 ij 36 l(i 6j 2C 2 2J 38 9 5 41 12 7$ 3 3 2J 41 1 81 45 6 2i[ 1 4 11 52 3 4 55 18 2^ 3 4 101 £ S. d 1 3 4i 10 14 4 Averages ... |~ Z~~ 'I I I 37 8 Hi 46 1 5i 8 12 5J ... * Includes cost of flour, Sec, for baking for Gaol and Hospital, which is tat en credit for under repayments.

Items. Auckland. Christcliurch. Dunedin. Hokitika. Napier. Nelson. New Plymouth. Wellington. Total. General Expenses, — Inspector ,, travelling expenses Record Clerk and Accountant Local Inspectors Medical fees ... Conveyance of patients to asylums Contingencies ... ... Buildings and repairs to buildings ... Provisions Clothing Bedding Furniture, including bedsteads Fuel and light ... Surgery and dispensary Wines, spirits, ale, and porter Superintendents Medical Officers Matrons Attendants and servants ... Necessaries, e.g., washing ... Miscellaneous and contingent Garden and farm £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. £ s. d. 700 0 0 94 6 3 179 0 0 99 18 5 682 16 6 227 17 2 108 2 10 836 11 3i 11,656 16 9± 1,672 1 2 658 17 0 148 7 2 1,909 19 6i 251 0 7 845 5 0 1,420 0 0 1,300 0 U 472 11 8 9,258 18 3 1,263 12 Of 8R5 15 5 105 17 6 ... ... ... 474 0 11 2,349 2 8 609 0 6 222 16 9 8 17 6 332 18 8J 89 19 7 226 4 11 120 0 0 250 0 0 66 0 0 1,340 19 10 456 10 2f 244 13 3 33 0 6 106 16 5 2,935 1 7i 246 14 2 84 4 3 0 5 6 616 19 0 307 11 6 325 0 0 300 0 0 80 6 8 2,819 15 9 271 18 5 139 15 5 25 15 0 38 18 8f 3,386 4 11 213 16 Hi 117 5 1 0 17 3 371 8 01 74 11 6 76 14 3 400 0 0 250 0 0 100 0 0 2,477 2 0 165 3 6i 147 13 9 6 13 6 14 7 0 1,009 18 5} 224 12 1 39 11 6 7 14 6 64 11 4 41 12 5 13 10 6 275 0 0 200 0 0 75 0 0 1,013 11 4 169 6 1 131 8 10 23 14 6 215 18 7 59 10 0 26 17 0 4 10 0 64 6 6 7 19 4 0 16 0 6 17 10 732 9 6£ 118 14 8 43 10 6 4 13 6 210 0 0i 79 3 3 150 0 0 100 0 0 70 0 0 370 0 0 55 7 8 24 8 6 3 12 0 195 10 5 1,028 0 11} 199 13 10J 124 11 11 121 8 11 249 16 4 36 17 9 141 4 7 125 0 0 200 0 0 81 5 0 1,067 9 4 121 5 6}' 166 11 10 13 2 0 25 0 0 170 0 0 24 0 6 11 3 10 Totals Moneys received for maintenance and produce sold 6,824 4 Hi 352 7 5 8,200 3 91 977 14 10 7,826 9 Gi' 2,306 3 2 5,520 6 4i 3,303 18 6i 192 13 10 585 1 9 33 12 5 1,968 17 6 125 19 8 I 25 0 0 3,871 18 5|: 136 3 3 34,757 15 8 4,124 14 7 ... Total actual expenditure 6,471 17 6J 7,282 8 Hi 3,111 4 8i 551 9 4 1,842 17 10 25 0 0 3,735 15 2i| 30,633 1 1

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20

Table XV., showing Suns received on account of Lunatic Asylums during the Tear ended 31st December, 1877.

By Authority : Gkoeok Didsbuey, Government Printer, Wellington.—lB7B. Price Is.]

Asylums. Mnintensmce on account of 1876. Maintenance on account of 1877. Produce or Articles Sold. Bread supplied Gaol. Bread supplied Hospital. Total. ucklnnd hristchurch ... >uuedin [okitika rapier felson few Plymouth... Wellington £ s. d. 52 11 10 15 0 0 £ s. d. 278 17 6 977 14 10 1,507 10 5 177 0 10 33 12 5 101 8 8 £ s. d. 20 18 1 0 13 0 £ s. d. 463 10 4 £ s. d. 335 2 5 £ s. d. 352 7 5 997 14 10 2,306 3 2 192 13 10 33 12 5 125 19 8 2411 0 26 0 0 94 "8 0 15 15 3 136 3 3 Totals 118 2 10 3,170 12 8 37 6 4 463 10 4 335 2 5 4,124 14 7