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1917. NEW ZEALAND

CENSUS OF THE MAORI POPULATION (PAPERS RELATING TO).

Presented to both Houses of the General Assembly by Command of His Excellency.

Memorandum for the Hon. the Native Minister. Native Department, 2nd July, 1917. I have the honour to submit the preliminary results of the census of the Maori population which was taken during the month of October last. The total Maori population, according to the census, amounted to 49,776 persons. The following table shows the population as recorded in previous years: — Year. Persons. Increase. Decrease. 1867 (approximate estimate) .. .. .. 38,540 1871 .. .. .. .. .. 37,502 1874 (first census) .. .. .. ..45,470 1878 .. .. .. .. .. 43,595 .. 1,875 1881 .. .. .. .. .. 44,097 502 1886 .. .. .. .. .. 41,969 .. 2,128 1891 .. .. .. .. .. 41,993 24 1896 .. .. .. .. .. 39,854 .. 2,139 1901 .. .. .. .. .. 43,143 3,289 1906 .. .. .. .. .. 47,731 4,588 1911 .. .. .. .. .. 49,844 2,113 1916 .. .. .. .. .. 49,776 .. 68 Since 1901 the figures show an increase until the last census, when a decrease of 68 as compared with 1911 is shown. How far the figures on this occasion are affected by enlistments it is difficult to say accurately, but they must be affected to some extent. The details of the census are set out in the tables attached hereto. Extracts from the reports of the Enumerators are attached. It will be observed that the Enumerators for the North Island —Taranaki, and particularly Waikato Districts —report that some difficulty was experienced in obtaining information owing to the fear on the part of the Natives that the statistics were being obtained for the purposes of recruiting. How far this may have affected the accuracy of the figares of these districts it is impossible to say, but not, I am inclined to think, to any great extent. The Enumerators generally report that, with the exception of the smallpox epidemic in 1913, and some cases of typhoid, the health of the Natives has been generally good, and that in most districts there has been continued improvement in the habits of life and industry of the Maoris, especially in districts where land is being opened up and settlement advancing, giving greater opportunities of employment, &c. On the whole the reports may be regarded as indicating satisfactory progress, but there is still much scope for improvement. The census for the South Island was taken wdth the European census on this occasion, as the Natives and half-castes there are regarded as living as Europeans. The agricultural statistics were not on this occasion taken with the census. C. B. Jordan, Under-Secretary.

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EXTRACTS FROM THE REPORTS OF THE ENUMERATORS. Mr. C. P. Newton, Enumerator for the Counties of Mongonui, Whangaroa, Hokianga, Bay of Islands, Whangarei, Hobson, Otamatea, Rodney, Waitemata, Eden, Great Barrier, Waiheke and other islands in Hauraki Gulf. A comparison of the figures with those of last census shows a total increase of 956 in the population, as against an increase of 831 in the previous five years. This is made up by a slight increase in most counties. The increase may undoubtedly be attributed to the continued improvements of living. Except for the epidemic of smallpox in 1913 the health of the Natives generally during the last five years has been good. Some few cases of typhoid, &c, have occurred, but the Health Department in all cases has taken prompt action to prevent the spread of the disease. With the opening-up of the land for settlement and the better education of the younger generation it is evident that the Maoris of this district are becoming more civilized and industrious. Many are employed gum-digging, bushfelling, roadmaking, and working on farms for Europeans, and some are farming on their'own account—chiefly dairy-farming. The Natives take their cream to the factory and receive their monthly cheque. This encourages them to work harder and makes them more independent and self-reliant. The taking of the Maori census in the North was a matter of some difficulty, as the Native population is very scattered and is not so accessible as in districts where the land has been longer opened up. lam glad, therefore, of this opportunity of expressing my appreciation of the manner in which the various sub-enumerators have carried out the work. Many of the sub-enumerators have complained of the reluctance of some of the Natives to supply information, thinking they were connected with the Recruiting Officers. I might mention that quite a large percentage of the Maoris who have enlisted have come from the northern districts. Mr. W. H. Bowler, Enumerator for the Counties of Manukau, Franklin, Coromandel, Thames, Ohinemuri, Piako, Waikato, Raglan, Waipa, Matamata, West Taupo, Ohura, Waitomo, Awakino, and Kawhia. I regret to have to report that the figures show a serious decrease compared with the figures obtained in 1911. The figures certainly give one ground for thought. Unlike the European population, the Maoris cannot be augmented by immigration, and the race must stand or fall by its own natural increase or decrease. lam not, however, inclined to take an altogether pessimistic view of the position, as I think I am safe in saying the figures now returned are not entirely accurate and that they underestimate the Maori population in the district. I say this advisedly, and with a full appreciation of the valuable efforts of the sub-enumerators, who have apparently carried out a difficult task in a conscientious and capable manner. Practically all of them, however, report that the Maoris have been reluctant to give them information, and that they have had great difficulty in carrying out their duties owing to it being suspected that the taking of the census had something to do with recruiting. Curiously enough, the Natives of this particular district are practically all opposed to the idea that they should be called upon to assist actively in the present crisis. It is difficult to arrive at a proper idea of the working of the Maori mind. Personally 1 think that the " king " idea was greatly responsible for the attitude taken up. Whatever the reason, I think that the decrease in the figures, as compared with those of the last census, is attributable not so much to loss by enlistments as to concealment of information, owing to fear that the census returns may be used for military purposes later on. There is in this connection one phase of the position which, calls for immediate and careful consideration : that is, the matter of insistence upon the children attending school. Two of the sub-enumerators referred particularly to this. The sub-enumerator for the part of Franklin County states that after a visit to Te Rata the children would not go to school, as it was thought that " if the children went to school their fathers would have to go to fight." The sub-enumerator for the Waipa County states that the Natives appear to fear compulsory military service, and adds, " I would recommend that some steps be taken to reassure them on this point, as I find that the children, are being kept from school through the idea prevailing that the school rolls will be used to obtain names for conscription. I think lam safe in saying that not more than 30 per cent, of the Maori children of school age are at present attending school." Socially and economically I fear there is not much improvement to report. Since the smallpox epidemic there has been no noticeable outbreak of disease, but at the same time there have been continual cases of fever and other ailments which have taken a steady toll of a race which it is obviously difficult to educate to an appreciation of the laws of hygiene and sanitation. Judge Browne, Enumerator for the Counties of Opotiki, Whakatane, Tauranga, Rotorua, and East Taupo. The time occupied in taking the census was much longer than was anticipated, owing to the very bad weather which prevailed almost continuously during the period sub-enumerators were engaged on the work. The condition of the Natives on the coast of the Bay of Plenty has improved very considerably since the last census was taken, and the outlook is now very hopeful indeed. They have, with the

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object of obtaining separate holdings, availed themselves largely of any opportunities that have arisen of partitioning the blocks on which they are living or which they can profitably utilize. They build comfortable houses on and fence and grass these holdings out of the proceeds of the sales or leases ot their surplus land, and in some cases even out of the proceeds of their labour. They have made very considerable progre. s in this direction during the last two years, and there is every chance that the progress will continue. The old communal system is practically dead in most parts of this district. To the east of Opotiki the Natives are engaged mostly in sheep-farming, but in the vicinity of Whakatane, Ruatoki, and Tauranga they are large suppliers of milk to the factories near their kaingas. They have always grown large quantities of maize for market, and of late the supply has increased very considerably. Many of them own horses and drays and take contracts. Some parts of the district are wholly dependent on Maori labour, which is not always obtainable, for the Maoris in many cases prefer to work on their own farms. It is pleasing to note, too, the progress made during recent years by the Ureweras living at Ruatoki. Not so very long ago they were probably the most backward people in New Zealand but they are now, with some success, genuinely endeavouring to improve themselves and their mode ot living, and to make their country productive. They are large suppliers of milk to the cheese-factory at Ruatoki, and a considerable portion of the Ruatoki Valley is now under cultivation. They are, however, in want of expert guidance and advice in the matter of purchasing stock and as to proper methods of cultivation, and from a productive point of view it would be worth the Government's while to pay some attention to them, and show them how best to stock and utilize their land. These people take to work naturally, are eager to learn, and I have no doubt as to their future. Inland, in the East Taupo County, the progress is not so marked. As a general rule Maori progress synchronizes with the progress of European settlement. There is no European settlement to speak of in this county, and consequently the Natives living in it are practically in the same condition as they were at the date of the last census. The land in the county is very poor, and the conditions of life are much harder than they are on the coast. As to the health of the Natives, I have not noticed any very great improvement since the last census was taken. There have been the usual outbreaks 01 enteric, typhoid, and measles, and the usual number of deaths from those diseases. There are always cases of consumption amongst them as well. Most of them have wooden houses now, and are living much more comfortably than in past times, but until there is some radical change effected in their sanitary arrangements, &c, 1 do not think that any diminution can be hoped for, either in sickness or in the death-rates. Mr. Teutenberg, Enumerator for the Counties of Hawke's Bay, Waipawa, Waipukurau, Patangata, Dannevirke, Woodville, Pahiatua, Eketahuna, Mauriceville, Masterton, Akitio, Castlepoint, Wairarapa South, and Featherston. The figures disclose a net decrease of thirty-five over the whole of the counties affected. It must be noted, however, that the present returns exclude the population of Te Haroto Village, on the Napier-Taupo Road, which on the occasion of the last census was included partly in Hawke's Bay and partly in Wairoa Comity. It may be remarked that in some of the counties the population shows a somewhat marked decrease and in others a corresponding increase. This is, of course, largely attributable to Natives moving from one district to another, either to take up shearing and other work or to attend tangis, Native Land Court sittings, &c. In regard to general conditions affecting occupation, industries, &c, there has been practically no alteration worth recording since the last census was taken, and there is therefore but little that could be added to the report then made. A fair proportion of the men seem to be intermittently engaged in some kind of work, principally shearing during the season, and at other times fencing, scrub-cutting, &c. In a few cases Maoris are successfully farming their own land and raising sheep and cattle, but as a general rule any work that is undertaken is in the employ of the European. The general health of the Natives appears to have been on the average satisfactory. No epidemics of any kind have been reported, and the Maoris, under the guidance of the local Maori Councils, are said to be observing proper methods of sanitation. The sub-enumerators engaged were all men personally known to me, and were in every case not only thoroughly acquainted with their respective districts, but had also for many years been closely in touch with the Maori population. I have every confidence, therefore, in expressing the opinion that the census returns on this occasion are as accurate as it is possible to obtain them under the prevailing conditions. Mr. J. B. Hackworth, Enumerator for the Counties of Hutt, Makara, Horowhenua, Kairanga, Manawatu, Oroua, Pohangina, and Kiwitea. As to the general state of health and habits of the Maoris within the counties named, I gather from the sub-enumerators that no serious illnesses have been reported. The Maoris are living in wellbuilt houses and in European fashion. The children are being well cared for, and generally speaking are healthy. One sub-enumerator, however, reports that there have been occasional periods of sickness among children, with fatalities that might have been avoided if the services of a skilled nurse had been available.

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As evidence of industry, each of the sub-enumerators mentions that the collection of the census this time had been rendered more difficult from their having to follow up the Natives scattered about the districts, either cropping their own lands or working for Europeans. More Native land is being cropped than usual, and many Maoris are taking an active part in the dairy industry. On comparing the figures with the 1911 census it will be noticed that there is a very small decrease (fifteen), but it must not be forgotten that the counties mentioned have been a "happy-hunting-ground " for the recruiting sergeant. Mr. H. Carr, Enumerator for the Counties of Waiapu, Waikohu, Cook, and Wairoa. The general health of the Maoris appears on the whole satisfactory. No epidemics or diseases have been reported. Industrially the Maori looks mainly to sheep-farming, supported by cropping and cultivating for their own needs. In the Waiapu district the communal system of sheep-farming is firmly established, and probably on that account these Natives are as prosperous as anybody in the Dominion. The Cook County people have evidenced a desire to do likewise, and have started sheepraising at Waihirere, Whangara, and Puatai on a fairly extensive scale. At Nuhaka also mixed farming is still the chief industry of the local Natives. Socially, it is apparent that in certain parts of the districts the drink problem amongst the Natives is causing their leaders and well-wishers some considerable alarm. Judge Jack, Enumerator for the . Counties of Patea, Hawera, Waimate West, Eltham, Stratford, Whangamomona, Clifton, Taranaki, and Egmont. Nearly all the sub-enumerators report a difficulty experienced in gathering information from the Natives. The cause of this difficulty is the existence of a strong suspicion in the Maori mind that the taking of the census at the present time is allied in a sinister manner with the intended enforcement of compulsory military service, and, as this is a question to which the Maoris of Taranaki have strong antipathy, they have in nearly all instances been passively antagonistic to the compilation of the census, and two or three of the sub-enumerators report that a few of the old people were actively antagonistic to them. The chief result of this antagonism is in the failure of two of the sub-enumerators to obtain the names of some of the children. In Taranaki County the sub-enumerator reported he had omitted six children because he could not obtain their names. In Hawera County the sub-enumerator stated that he had counted sixty-five children whose names he was unable to obtain. In both these instances the numbers of the children stated have been included in the figures for the respective counties. I have only to add that the general health of the Natives in the counties allotted to me has been good, except for an outbreak of typhoid near Normanby, in the Hawera County, about a year ago. This carried off some young children, but the epidemic did not spread. As to occupation of the Natives, an increasing number of them are taking up dairy-farming and appear to be making a success of it. Under recent legislation, by which they have been enabled to get freehold titles to their unleased areas, it is hoped that those families who have a disposition towards industry will be enabled to arrange the necessary finance to enable them to start in dairyfarming. Mr. A. H. Mackay, Enumerator for the Counties of Wanganui, Waimarino, Waitotara, Rangitikei, and Kaitieke. The population of the combined counties is 2,571. The population of Waitotara, Wanganui, Rangitikei, and Waimarino Counties is 2,334, which is an increase of 228 since the last census was taken. The sub-enumerators appointed by me were well acquainted with their respective districts and were personally interviewed by me prior to taking up their duties. The general health of the Maoris is very good, and in some counties they are very industrious.

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MAORI POPULATION BY AGES AND SEXES, CENSUS, 1916. Table showing the Maori Population in each County in 1916, classified according to Sex and Age.

Counties. Jlaoris. Hall-castes. Under 5. : 5 and under 10 and under 15 and under 20 and under 25 and under | 30 and under 35 and under 40 and under 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. 45. Age in Years. 45 and under 50 and 55 and 60 and 65 and 70 and Not T«t»i 50. under 55. under 60. under 65. under 70. over. specified. lmu - M. I F. Mangonui .. 1,271 1,181 Whangaroa .. 318 352 Hokianga .. .. 1,960 1,692 Bay of Islands .. 1,270 1,249 Whangarei .. 565 456 Hobson .. .. 390 363 Otamatea .. 216 227 Rodney .. .. 86 75 Waitemata .. 235 92 Eden .. .. 66 44 Islands in Hauraki 11 15 Gulf Great Barrier .. 39 25 Manukau .. .. 139 88 Franklin .. .. 298 280 Raglan .. .. 802 722 Waikato .. .. 295 233 Waipa .. .. 202 180 Kawhia .. .. 303; 260 Awakino .. .. 77! 65! Waitomo .. .. 696: 582 Ohura .. .. 145 119 West Taupo .. 470 419 Matamata .. 221 178 Piako .. .. 71 57 Ohinemuri .. 327 331 Thames .. .. 333; 293 Coromandel .. 141 125 Tauranga .. .. 840 780 Rotorua .. .. 665 684 East Taupo .. 507 518 Whakatane .. 1,265 1,175 Opotiki .. .K 800 723| Waiapu .. .. 1,253 1,161 Waikohu .. .. 215 182 Cook .. .. 635 570 Wairoa .. .. 1,220 1,127 Hawke's Bay .. 590 552 Waipawa .. .. 126 87 Waipukurau .. 4 2 Patangata.. .. 121 101 M. | F. 42 41 4 6i 88! 89| 35, 38 39; 27 34! 27 5| 12 4J 6 611 4! 23 6 4 lj 12 7J 16 15 31 20 31 24 i4 9 13 15 24 10 36| 21 17! 26 68 63 8! 8 1 4 14; 18 24 15 10 22 46 37 7 11 19 12 67 62 45 32 145 f 134 23: 23 57; 37 116 73 30 22 32 8! 15 16! I: i I i M. F. i M. F. M. F. 2691 242- 181 217 205 157 54| 68: 56 53 43 47 385! 307 320 290; 260 242 189 218 1541 1741 274 209 98 80 98; 77 961 61 66 67 63 62 441 45 46 59 24 46 31 20 17 11 16 12 11 11 11 9! 11 10 6 11 6| 5| 6 8 8 4 1 31 4 2 4 2 6 6 ; 8 8 5i 2 15 151 23 11 201 15 60 44 42 48 38! 26 118 94J 104 92 llOi 108 40 35! 30 29 37 24 31 33 34 29 31 16 11 20! 24j 22 301 29 18 10 10: 4 15! 17 67 59 89 54 126 102 19 16 1 9 4 28 29 64 65! 82 84 58 38 28 24| 12 10 36 29 3 8 9 10 6 12 49 60i 63 56 36 34 42 53: 44 41 42 25 24 22! 24 34 17 19 133 148 81 92 119 121 98 98 110 93 74 72 59 71 90! 82 88 66 185 170 213 169 153 142 139 104 126 103; 97 112 222 206 231: 216j 183 167 25 37 25: 22 17 13 84 68 68! 59 ! 106 83 187 175; 188, 175 152 141 69 781 77! 64 58 62 11 13! 16| 15J 22 7 ......... li .. 24| 22j 9| 11 3! 6 M. 112 26 202 122 64 38 19 4 19 19 3 18 20 58 32 16 33 2 55 2 46i 4 28! 30' 11 41 30 48 79 50 92 23 56 106 84 57 16 I F. I M. F. 121 63 P4 37 15 27 190 158 164 114 93 142 58 51 47 38 42 36 25 14 17 10 7 12 ll 1 153 8 4 13 4 2 1 1 2 2 4 14 9 7 33 31 31 53 37 44 12 33 27 14 10 16 31 20 46 1 1 .. 49 43 44 6 3 6 48 44! 41: 3 3! 4! 3 3| .. 36 20 35 30 29 23 9 41 9 31 17 15 65 ■ 50 58: 68 40 31 104 111 126 57! 22 12 89 69 96 24! 31 24 63 37 50 88 75 77 47 48 62 5 6 7! .. .. ll 15 18 18 M. 74 9 111 77 35 32 15 7 35 12 1 3 10 30 76 17 151 41 23 3 35 2 2| 21 20 9 11 41 18 99 8 75 31 42 100 71 2 14 F. 85 25 120 76 36 25 17 5 5 4 1 6 20 75 11 16 26 21 4j 34 . 3 19 24 7 5 45 29; 97; 10! 106 ! 28 112J 73 6 8 M. F. M. 70 43 61 15 13 14 96 81 88 60 70 60 26 25 21 17 21 26 14 13 9 6 1 6 18 6 15 5 4 5 1 4 1 13 4 11 16 17 15 32 30 33 10 16 13 16 18 81 26 11 2l! 24 29 26 2 .. 1, 33 48 38 3; 3 4| 6 4 2 26 22 21 26| 12 19 7 ! 5 7 8 1 2 34 45 29 32 30 23 86 81 70 8; 3 6 81 69 89; 21 16 8; 36 24 33; 80 82 75! 33 23 37 3 4 10 11 5, 10 F. ! M. F. M. 71 68 33 51 13 15 12 31 107: 99 63 97 55 61 57 58 17 21 16 23 23 17 16 22 16 6 9 22 6 3 3 4 6 6 3 3 4 13 6 2 .. 1 .. .. 1 1 2 7 10 6 8 16 18 13 8 17 84 93 92 6 19 23 18 11 14 7 19 20 20 ; 7 15 34 29 21 32 166 114 67 70 60 22 26 40 30 13 87 69 42 11 15 23 21 19 13 10 14 IS 8 13! 4 12 14! 12; 260 ! 205 211] 39 35 39 52: 17 24 29 20' 69 78 53 67| 2 207 183 181 72 78! 57 69 15 23 9 7' 25 50- 49 861 43 77 93 HO! 40 35 241 35i 7 9 5 4 1 1 6 64 6 1 F. M. F. M. F. M. 46 53 20 36 26 25 36 15 8 6 2 2 69 67 44 53 32 36 39 54 49! 33 20 30 20 18 12: 17 11 10 16 15 8; 11 4 13 8 6 3; 5 1 2 113413 6 3 9l 41 3 6 3 3 2! 1 1 1 j 1 1 .. 11111 3 4 o| 3! 1 3 9 6 5! 8; 3 11 75 56 31! 5 3 15 13 12 12 9 8 12 23 14 4 4| 1 2 17! 25 13 14 15 13 14.. .. ! 49 11 12; 3 7 14 19 1 .. ! 1 .. .. 9 14 20 14 6 19 37! 1 1 5 1 1 .. .. 1 7 10 7 6 9 12 21 20 11 10 14 12 8 2 2 1.. 2 198 1 .. .. 1 .. 29 22 21 32! 33 39 21 22 231 2l| 13 21 47 54 50 28 37 51 169 57 74 69 - 32 24 48 4 9 12 3 9 77 29 20 16 8 13 87 47 4l! 31 121 44 41 18 18! 29 22 9 5 4 2443 i .. 1 .. 6 4 1167 F. M. 20 19 1 5 29\ 26 23| 17 5 8 6 7 2 2 1 .. 2 3 li 1 2 1 2 11 8 21 .. 7 5 5 6 7 4 10 17 M. 19 5 26 17 8 7 2 F. 26 6 20 11 8 7 I 2 1 4 9 1 2 1 4 I M. F. M. F. 34 12! 1 .. 2,535 8 10 8 .. 680 43 30 .. .. 3,829 22; 28 1 2 2,592 6; 5 12 5 1.087 9- 13 2 3 814 6 1 .. .. 460 lj 3 .. .. 171 3! 7 .. .. 392 2! 3 .. .. 138 .. 1 .. .. 31 2 1 15 2 83 6 4 . . .. 258 18 15 .. .. 629 11 6 2 3 1,579 8 8 .. .. 528 2 405 16 6 1 3 591 176 121 17 2 2 1,335 .. ! 1 .. .. 307 21 12 .. .. 1,020 .. j .. 7 3 415 1| 133 14 15 1 .. 690 16 3 17 17 665 11 5 .. .. 298 1 .. .. .. 1,703 12 12 1 1 1.367 10 12 .. .. 1,056 34 32 3 3 2,569 .. .. 1 .. 1,600 32 19 4 1 2.693 1 3 .. .. 443 22 23 .. .. 1,299 3l| 21 10 8 2,536 12 14 2 .. 1,194 2 9 .. .. 253 •• I 6 7! 4 1 .. 253 5 11 1 10 5 3 4 5 8 5 4 4 1 12 24 33 13 27 10 34 20 29 19 4 6 11 13 36 23 4 3 3 5 18 2 11 9 2 3 2! ll •• 2 ! .. I

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MAORI POPULATION BY AGES AND SEXES, CENSUS, 1916— continued. Table showing the Maori Population in each County in 1916, classified according to Sex and Age— continued.

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Counties. Maoris. Half-castes. Under 5. Age in Tears. I 5 and under 10 and under ! 15 and under 20 and under 25 and under 30 and under 35 ml under 10 and under 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. 45. Age in Years. 45 and under 50 and 50. under 55. 55 and j 60 and 65 and 70 and under 60. under 65. under 70. over. -Not specified. Total. Dannevirke Woodville Clifton Taranaki Egniont Whangamomona Eltham Waimate West Hawera Patea .. Waitotara Kaitieke Waimarino Wanganui Rangitikei Kiwitea Pohangina Oroua Manawatu Horowhenua Kairanga Pahiatua Akitio Eketahuna MauriceTille Masterton Castlepoint Wairarapa South Featherston Hutt Makara Sounds . . r,— Marlborough Kaikoura Waimea Takaka. Buller Westland .. T7~ Cheviot Rangiora Tawera M. 88 1 190 270 ! 380 ! 8j 169 89 185 140 191 108 344 340: 272! 6 4 140 81 507 29 6 10 10 131 1 96 122 150 55 77 80 34 30 26 9 32 38 F. 95 3 163 247 334 10 117 80 155 129 159 106 326 326 267 4 4 130 83 490 41 9 3 10 112 2 87 122 169 47 69 58 47 31 24 8 14 32 M. 10 1 6 24 59 17 2 7 - 14 19 2 40 1 -- I 3 107 15 3 3 4 1 20 F. 11 5 13 48 1 2 12 3 6 9 6 2 27 3 8 92 9 3 7 M. ! 20 18 43 49 33 8 29 20 32 15 66 53 63 1 '22| 7 101 6 2 1 2 F. 22 18 51 51 32 9 19 24 22! 26; 56 60 44 1 2 26 15 99 13 3 "3 I I M. | F. M. 10 12 8; 1 1 .. 27 19 25 37 27 38 92 78 47 1 3 1 8 3 23 9: 16 8 20; 12 18 22 11 13 21! 20 22 2li 9 12 42, 51 38 46 34 31 32 41 40 19 11 18 7 7 12 97 93 77 6 9 4! 1 3 2 2 2 1 1 .. 22 13 17 "7 io 24 18 18 19 22 25 23 7 5 3 10 21 8 • 20 10 13 8! 11 3 2 7 7 2i 8 2 12 3 11 2 2 8 10 12 F. i M. F. 10 7 5 1 .. 22: ' 18 20 20i 19 27 31 32 31 1! 1 .. 11 15 12 8 9: 8 29[ 25! 25 12 14 11 14 20 13 9! 5 9 27 33 30 36 32 24 37 33! 36 1 .... -•I 2 •• 17! 13 16 14 8 15 66 42 59 4 3 2 1 .. 1 2 .. 2 6 10 15 1 .. 11 14 10 25 22' 12 19 13, 16 2 6 9 13 13 13 11 12 11 10 2 5 7 6 3 51 1 ! 1 1 l! 2 4| .. 2 4 6 5 M. F. 8 15 18 9 20 21 23 22 2 16 9 13 10 21 18 13 15 14 19 11 15 26 28 11 30 32 23 1 .. 1 9 13 6 10 44 53 2 2 l! 1 1! 1 .. 1 10 21 1 3 9 11 15 7 12 8 6; 1: 3 9 7 4 3 2 1 3 1 .. I 3 2 2 .. M. 5 26j 21 11! 4 16 13 8 19j 22 33 21 1 9 9: 45 3 1 4 12 5 10 16 8 8 4 1 3 4 "2 1 F. ! M. 12 9 20 17 14 9 25 17 2 .. 8 16 4 4 14 12 13 6 8 9 15 9 25 23 30 21 23 12 1 1 8 10 5 7 39 32 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 9j 11 l; .. 6! 8 5 11 14 9 2' 4 5! 7 3! 5 3| 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 2 '.'. I. M. ! I, M. 4 6 3! 4 1 .. .. j .. j 10 1 4 9 12 13! 9: 19 15 26 20! 10 .. .. ' 1 1 10 12! 10 10 3 9 2 5 4 10 13 9 5 8 5 1 1 14 14 13 20 6 5 6 4 15 21 17 23 15 18 24 17 16 12 20 13 6 10 8 10 21 8 7 2 30! 42 33 29 ..4 5 4 1 1 .. .. 2 1.. 2 2 1.. 2 1 10 6 5! 1 '5 7 3 2J 6 9 12 6 13 11 13 5 3 4 7 1! 7 2 8 4 4 5 6 3 3 2 3 2 2! 2 lj 1 2! 4 .. 1 li 2! .. 2 12 1 .. .. 1 5 2 5 F. ( M. ' F. M. IF. M. F. M. F. : 9 4 5 3 2 2242! 10 12 5 isj 13 JL2 4 3 4 21 31 27 13! 6 17 11 6 6 17i 18! 14 23 27 29 22 19 13 l! 1 .. ! 8 12 ! 7 6; 4 2 2 2 1 4! 6l 7 5 4 4 13 2 10 10 6 8 5 13 2 4 4 5 14 14 228822 13! 23 18 4 3 4 1 .. 2 l! 4 5145541 21 24 26 7 2 7 5 12 13 19 21 10 11 10 10 9 14 11 17 12 8 11 5 9 6 7 5 .... .. 1 12 6 3342253 7 8 3 6 1.. 1 1! 1 31 25j 15 32 18 : 10 14 13 9 3 .. I 13 2.. 42.. 1 1 .. .. 1 .. 1 4 .. ; 1 3 2 1 .. .. 1 1 6 10 75 45632 S 1 2 6 4 11.. 4 3.. 6 7 78522 4! 6 6 15 11 5 4 2 3 1 .. 2 11 4 3: 3 3 3 1 .. 1 10 13 212 3 2 2 3 1 5 3..,.. 1 1 4 3 2 1 '.. I 2 1 2 2 11 1 1 1 .. 2.. 1.. 2 1 1 .. 1 .... I 2 1 1 1 .. 1 .. .. .. ! 1 7 4 2 4 1.. 2 13 M. ! F. M. F. 2 1.. 1 6j 3 io 7 2j 2 3 6 9! 10 12 10 ..I 1 .. .. 3 2 .. .. -. j 1 2 .. 2l 1 4 4 5 . . 1 5 13 3 2 116 3 8i 6 11 10 6 2 18 14 8 8 7 5 1 3 3 8 1 2 2 11 13 6 13 15 2 .. 2 2 1 M. j 10 3 12 2 4 1 3 6 11 18 7 ■• I 8 1 13 2 M. 1 - •• ■"' 3 - 1 F. 1 3 1 1 "l 204 5 364 554 821 19 288 169 369 274 363 237 695 670 606 11 8 280 175 1.196 94 21 23 24 11 297 4 190 304 332 123 200 170 103 71 66 25 56 3 105 1 6 34 1 2 34 4 9 30 17 10 2 8 4 8 ........ ■J 35 3 .. ! 5 "7 5 26 9 12 24 15 12 8 ; 8! 4 ! 2J 19 16 21 25 13 13 11 1 9 22 33 28 18 12 9 3 8 2 5 1 .. 12 114 3 6 7 3 2 2 2 .. 2 3 13 2 .. .. 2 3 112 3 2 112 11.. 1 .. 12 1 .. .. 3 4 — .. ■■ I .. 'l9: 116 8 5 " I .. .. I

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H.—39a

MAORI POPULATION BY AGES AND SEXES, CENSUS, 1916— continued. Table showing the Maori Population in each County in 1916, classified according to Sex and Age— continued.

... Age in Ye Age in Years. Counties. Maoris. Half-castes. Under 5. I I I 5 and under ! in and under 15 and under 20 and under ; 25 and under 30 and under 35 and under 10. 15. 20. 25. 30. 35. 40. 40 and under 45. 45 and under 50 and 55 and 60 and 65 and 50. under 55. under 60. under 65. under 70. 70 and Sot over. specified. Total. Malvern .. Mount Herbert Akaroa Chatham Islands Wairewa .. Ellesmere . . Ashburton Geraldine . . Levels Waimate .. Waitaki Waikouaiti Peninsula .. Taieri Bruce Clutha Southland Wallace Stewart Island Maori Wives Totals M. j F. lj .. .. 43j 37 13l 12 .. 91: 82 24| 43 14! 7 -.; 7. '3 48 51 ... 8 9 18 31 15 15 14 19 17 12 3 1 .. 7 8 23 12 28 25 3 1 24,019 21,849 .. 24,019,21,849 i M. F. 1 2 16 24 4j 4 • 40 45 4 4 5 6 3 4 13 13 7 12 4! 1 5 2 3 1 7 15j F. M. M. F. M. F, 2 .. 2 6 2 7 8 3 7 14 4 2 1 .. .. 2 F. M. F. M. .. j 1 .. 5j 1 3 5 2 4 1 .. 2 3 4 5 3 22 1 1 2 .. 1 .. 1 .. 7 2 2 3 12 11 13 2 1 2 .. .. 1 .... 2 .. 1 1 1 .. .. .. j .. F. M. F. M. F. M. F. M. | F. M. F. 34222.. 131.. 2 1 11 .. .. 4 9 2454 13 111!.. 12.... 113 1 2 .. \ 1 1 2 1 1 .. .. ! 4 2 3 2.... 2 .. .. 34 1 .. 1 1 .. 1 2 11 2 .. 3 1 1 .. 1 .. .. 2 111.. 1 13 12.. 3 .. 1 .. 22 2 .. 1 .. .. 2 .. ... .. 1 4 1 1 2 ll 2 2 .. 1321123.. 65 1 1 .. .. 1,536 922 688 611 465 624 455 373 299 585 502! 1,536 922 688 611 465 624 455 373 299 585 502 M. j 8 4 22 5 3 1 13 4 2 2 2 F. K. F. M F. lj 1 .. .. 1 11 ! 9 9 8 4 117 13 25 24 23! 14 22 6 5: 4 .. 8 1 3 2> 2 2 2 2 11 3; .. 9 7 9 15! 8 3 4 4! l! 2 7 4 - 5 . . 4 3 4 13 3 13 3 11 3 4 4; 7 4 | .. 1 2 ' 5 4 ' 2 2 12 9 1 6 7' 7 4j 1 3,686 3,520 3,278 ! 3,335 2,886 3,686 3,520 3,278 3,335 2,886 I M. 6 3 13 3 1 2 3 1 3 2 4 4 13 14 4 ; 2 2 1 2 .. 4 .. 1 6 .. 2 .. 4 .. 2; .. 1 .. *■ j 8 8 6 3 4 1 ■ ' I 1 4 1 3 3 4 6 1 .. .. 2 3 2 1 .. 1 1 .. .. 2 .. 1 1111 M. ■• 1 8 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 2 M. " -1 •• 1 I " 1 V. .. 1 1 121 31 25! 71 1' 121 31 5' 3' 3' 51 \ " ■• "s ~7 5j 3 20 19 1 6 12 1 2 3 .. ... "2 "2 1 1 2 1 6 1 .. 11 •• ! •• ! 1 2 ■• 1 1 1 1 3 1 '1 "1 ::! "1 2211 3 13 3 1,1222, 058'l,7401, 879 1,1222,0581,7404,879 •• 1 1 3( 4; 9: 1 .. 2 2 12 2 - i -• •• ll,914 1,9141,615 ! 3,831 2,150 2,107 1,802^ 1,912 1,6131,5761,3001,143 1,576 1,300 I 1,143 1,237 922 455 373 ! I j 100 62 379 49,39' 37! " i •■ ■• •• •■ ■■ ■■ •• •• " • • :" ! i : ! u 100 1,9141 1,914J1,615 ,831 2,150 2,1071,802 1,913 1,613! 1,576 1,300 1,143 1,237 922 455 373 441 [49,771

H.—39a

MAORI POPULATION AT SUCCESSIVE CENSUSES. Table showing the Maori Population of New Zealand, with the Numbers under and over 15 Years of Age, according to the Results of a Census taken in October, 1916, as compared with the Numbers in 1901, 1906, and 1911.

By Authority : Mabcus F. Marks, Government Printer, Wellington.— 1917.

Approximate Cost of Paper. — Preparation, not given ; printing (675 copies), £9.

Price 6d.]

8

ATaloc Males. Males. Females. Females. Males. Females. Total " Persons, 1901 ' Over 15. I Total I 1 Increase, .. , ,. „ ,„ Not 1896-1901.* Under 1.3. , Over 15. spe N c °l eA Total Persons, 1906. 0ver15 ' spewed. Under 15. Over 15. Increase. 1901-1906,* Total Under 15. I North Island .. .. 40,707 7,998 13.909 South Island .. .. 1,916 396 628 Stewart Island .. .. 112 29 37 Chatham Islands — Maoris .. .. .. 181 42 49 Morioris.. .. .. 31 6 9 Maori wives living with European 196 husbands Totals .. .. 143,143 8,471 14,632 16 1 7,187 353 20 45 6 11,584 538 26 45 10 196 13 3,605 -291 — 5 2 11 33 44,962 2,256 100 172 30 211 9,179 490 20 48 4 14,915 710 39 41 14 67 10 1 8.195 432 11 35 3 12,551 606 29 48 9 211 55 8 4,255 340 -12 -9 -1 15 17 7,611 12,399 13 3,289 47,731 9,741 15,719 78 8,676 13,454 63 4,58i Total Persons, 1911 ' Under 15. Males. °™' 15 ' spicffied. Females. Total j Increase, Under 1, j Over 15. sp< -, ~n> Females. Total Persons. 1916. Males. Females. Total increase, 1911-1916.* Under 15. Over 1 n Not uver 1o ' specified. Under 15. Over 15. Not specified. I North Island .. .. (46,632 9,694 South Island .. ..; 2,681 579 Stewart Island .. .. 63 14 Chatham Islands — Maoris .. .. .. 204 48 Morioris m .. .. 15 1 Maori wives living with European 249 husbands : ' 15.205 804 28 57 6 34 3 8,932 12,747 570 725 8 13 20 1,670 425 -37 47,545 1,590 4 10,247 379 14,648 432 3 97 2 9,429 351 13,065 423 1 59 3 91! -1,091 -5( 52 47 4 4 249 32 — 15 38 253 5 379 60 69 2 1 70 53 3 4! -II 131 379 Totals .. .. 49,844 10,336 16,100 37 9,566 13,785 20 2,113 49,776 10,686 15,154 100 9,850 13,545 441 2,251 i * The minus (-) indicates decrease.